Rhetorical Appeals
The appeal to logic and reasoning in an argument
Logos
The author's choice of words.
Diction
A direct comparison between two unlike things without using "like" or "as."
metaphor
Placing two contrasting ideas close together for effect.
Juxtaposition
The author's attitude toward the subject
tone
The appeal to ethics and credibility.
ethos
The arrangement and structure of sentences
Syntax
A brief reference to a person, place, or event- often historical or literary
Allusion
Repeating a structure or grammatical pattern for emphasis.
Repitition
The emotion or atmosphere created by the author
mood
The appeal that targets the audience's emotions.
The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses.
Anaphora
A statement that appears contradictory but reveals a truth.
paradox
Giving an an animal or an object human qualities
Personification
A tone that is sarcastic or mocking.
satire or sarcasm
The use of common values or shared beliefs to build rapport.
Shared Values or Common Ground
The use of deliberate questions which may or may not be answerable to induce thought.
Rhetorical Questions
A figure of speech in which an object represents a larger idea.
Symbolism
A comparision using like or as that is specific to long narrrative poems called epics.
Epic Simile
A noticeable shift in tone or perspective.
tonal shift
This rhetorical appeal might rely on data, statistics, or clear cause-and-effect reasoning.
Logical reasoning or appeal (Logos)
Two or more clauses balanced against each other by reversal of structure.
Parallelism or parallel structure
A type of figurative language that a literary device that stretches across multiple lines, paragraphs, or an entire work for effect.
Telling a personal story for effect
anecdotal story
The author's distinctive use of language and structure.
style