Blood, Sweat & Tears
Defend & Breathe
Gut Instincts
Urine Trouble!
The Circle of Life
100

These blood cells help initiate clot formation

Platelets

100

The tiny air sacs in the lungs that are the primary sites of gas exchange are the ______ which rely on the presence of _______ to keep them open

Alveoli, Surfactant

100

This organ produces bile to assist with the digestion of fats _______, and this organ stores it ________

Liver, gallbladder

100

These tubes carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

Ureters 

100

These female reproductive organs produce ova and secrete hormones 

Ovaries

200

This iron-containing protein allows red blood cells to transport oxygen 

Hemoglobin

200

This lymphatic organ filters blood and is the largest organ of the lymphatic system 

Spleen

200

This is the first segment of the small intestine, immediately after the stomach 

Duodenum

200

This microscopic functional unit of the kidney filters blood and produces urine 

Nephron

200

A patient is hypoventilating and retaining carbon dioxide. As CO₂ accumulates, blood pH decreases. This acid-base disturbance is developing

Respiratory Acidosis

300

This heart chamber pumps oxygen-rich blood into systemic circulation

Left ventricle

300

A person receives a vaccine and develops their own immune memory. This is an example of this type of immunity 

Artificial Active Immunity

300

These folds in the stomach allow it to expand as it fills with food _______ While these structures increase the surface area to facilitate absorption in the small intestine _______ 

Rugae, Villi and Microvilli 

300

This hormone increases water reabsorption by the kidneys

ADH

300

A patient with impaired kidney function develops elevated serum potassium levels, known as ________, which puts them at risk for __________

Hyperkalemia, cardiac dysrhythmias 

400

A patient develops chest pain because narrowed coronary arteries are not supplying enough oxygen to the heart muscle, also known as _______. This symptom is called ________

Ischemia, Angina

400

A patient with HIV has a reduced ability to coordinate immune responses because the virus primarily targets these immune cells 

CD4+ Helper T Cells

400

This enzyme begins the chemical digestion of starches in the mouth

Amylase 

400

During urine formation, useful water and substances move from the renal tubules back into the blood through this process 

Reabsorption

400

A patient is breathing rapidly and deeply, causing excessive carbon dioxide to be eliminated. As CO₂ levels fall, the blood becomes increasingly alkaline. What specific acid–base imbalance is developing, and what pH level would be expect to find? 

Respiratory alkalosis, Above 7.45

500

A patient experiences major blood loss, causing decreased circulating volume and inadequate tissue perfusion. What type of shock is occuring?

Hypovolemic

500

A patient receives an injection of preformed antibodies following a high-risk exposure. Protection begins quickly but does not typically produce lasting immune memory. Identify the specific type of immunity

Artificial Passive Immunity 

500

A patient develops yellowing of the skin and eyes due to bilirubin buildup after an obstruction in a bile duct. This condition is called what 

Jaundice

500

During urine formation, certain substances move directly from the blood surrounding the nephron into the renal tubules for elimination, a process known as

Secretion

500

A patient with prolonged hypoventilation retains excessive CO₂, causing blood pH to fall. The kidneys attempt to compensate by increasing the reabsorption of this substance, which helps buffer excess acid.

Bicarbonate HCO3-