The Analysis Essay
This first point on the rubric is earned by creating a "defensible" statement that outlines the author’s rhetorical choices and their purpose.
What is the thesis point?
This first step of embedding evidence provides the "who, what, and where" to give the reader context before the quote appears.
What is Introduce?
In a rhetorical analysis essay, the exigence is usually identified in this paragraph, providing context before the thesis.
What is the introduction?
This is the most common mnemonic used to brainstorm argument evidence.
What is CHELPS?
This term describes a source that has a strong personal or institutional prejudice that prevents it from being objective.
What is bias?
To avoid the "Summary Trap," a student’s body paragraphs should focus on the effect a choice has on this specific group.
What is the Target audience?
To maintain flow, a writer should use this—a short phrase like "The author asserts" or "The data suggests"—before a quotation.
What is a signal phrase?
In his "Letter from Birmingham City Jail," King’s immediate exigence was a statement published by these people, who called his activities "unwise and untimely."
Who are the clergymen?
To avoid being "vague," a student should avoid using these types of examples, which are based on "people say" or "I heard once" rather than concrete facts.
What are generalization or hypothetical evidence?
In an AP Lang Synthesis essay, this is the most common way to cite a source, usually appearing in parentheses at the end of a sentence.
What is an in-text citation?
This "rare" rubric point can be earned by situating the text within a broader context or by acknowledging the complexities of the author's argument.
What is the sophistication point?
f you need to change a word inside a quote to make it grammatically fit your sentence (like changing "he" to "she"), you must use these symbols.
What are brackets?
If the "Purpose" is what the author wants to do, the exigence is the "situation" that ________ them to do it.
what is prompted?
While personal anecdotes are allowed, the College Board typically rewards students who use this type of evidence, which looks at broader societal or historical events.
What is outside knowledge or empirical evidence?
Unlike a direct quote, this involves putting the author’s ideas into your own words while still providing a citation.
What is paraphrasing?
This is the author's attitude toward the subject, conveyed through stylistic choices like word choice and sentence structure.
What is tone?
This term describes the most sophisticated way to embed evidence, where a quote is woven so naturally into a sentence that you can't hear where the writer stops and the source begins.
What is embedding evidence?
When analyzing exigence, a writer must distinguish between the "Occasion" (the event) and this—the deeper underlying social or political tension that made the event significant.
What is context?
In an argument essay, this term describes evidence that is directly related to the thesis and actually "proves" the point being made.
What is relevant or concrete evidence?
To avoid "plagiarism" and "dropped" quotes, students must provide this—an explanation of how the evidence supports their claim.
What is commentary?
This device involves repeating the same grammatical structure in a series of related phrases or clauses.
What is parallelism?
This is the specific term for a quote that appears at the very end of a paragraph without any following commentary, a major "no-no" in formal analysis.
What is a hanging or dropped quote?
While "purpose" is what the author wants to happen, this is the "imperfection marked by urgency" that exists in the world before the author picks up the pen.
What is the rhetorical situation?
This advanced technique involves using a "concessive" piece of evidence—showing you understand the other side—only to immediately "outweigh" it with your own.
What is a counterargument?
These marks are used to indicate that a student has intentionally removed words from a direct quote to make it more concise.
What are ellipses?