Vocab. Words
objects that are near to each other
proximity
The speaker/author's attitude towards the subject of a text.
What is tone?
A brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing, or idea containing cultural, historical, literary, or political significance to the reader or author.
What is allusion?
The "A" in SOAPSTone
Audience
Occurs when an argument starts with a claim, and the argument for the claim relies on the claim being truthful.
What is circular argument, or "begging the question"?
to draw out a response from someone, to evoke
Elicit
Using words like “slacker,” “moron,” and “idiot” in your writing might create this kind of tone
Pejorative
A comparison between two separate objects WITHOUT the use of "like" or "as"
Metaphor
A set of similarly structured words, phrases, or clauses.
What is parallelism?
Occurs when the argument is directed against a person rather than the position they are maintaining.
What is ad hominem?
The individual or institution who pursues legal action against another
Plaintiff
Sentence Structure
Syntax
A short, interesting, or funny rendition of an event or occurrence that may have happened to the speaker, author, or actor, or someone he or she purports to know.
What is anecdote?
A form of a regular repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases or strategically placed paragraphs.
What is anaphora?
Attacking the person rather than the argument itself
Ad populum
The quality of gripping something firmly, strength of purpose
Tenacity
"This is our last Christmas at Carroll," the seniors in choir reflected _________ (with a keen sense of sadness or regret).
Poignantly
Classic rhetorical appeal to emotions
Pathos
Poetry is the record of the best and happiest moments of the happiest and best minds.
Chiasmus
Occurs when a spectrum of possible options is misrepresented as an either-or choice between two mutually exclusive things.
What is false dilemma/dichotomy?
Agreeable
Amicable
Language used in ordinary or familiar conversation; not formal or literary.
What is colloquial?
A seemingly absurd or self-contradictory statement or proposition that when investigated or explained may prove to be well founded or true.
What is paradox?
The placement of directly opposite ideas and/or words within the same sentence or very close together to emphasize their disparity. Example: "It was the best of times; it was the worst of times" (Dickens).
What is antithesis?
Claiming that one situation caused another when they simply occurred at the same time
False Cause/Ad Hoc