Unit 2
Unit 2 is titled this, which refers to trade and interactions amongst different people.
What is "Networks of Exchange"?
This religion, founded in present day Saudi Arabia in the 7th century ce, would first spread to India through merchants who traded there, as well as along the Silk and Trans-Saharan trade networks.
What is Islam?
Communities of people who were the chief merchants and caravan operators along the Silk Trade Networks.
Who were the Sogdians?
Type of sail originally dating to the ancient Romans and then Arab merchants across the Indian Ocean trade networks. Trade could expand with more maneuverable ships as a result.
What is the lateen sail?
These were places of Dar al Islam that included mosques, libraries, and hospitals that were essentially Muslim universities. Some are still in active existence and educating people today.
What are Madrasas?
Circa 1200 ce to circa 1450 ce is labelled as this period by the College Board and their AP Modern World History course.
What is the post-classical period?
Samarkand, Kashgar, Isfahan, Baghdad.
What are cities along the Silk Trade Networks?
People of the steppe (like the Mongols) lived in these types of houses that they could transport and follow their herds.
What are yurts?
Types of sailing ships used by the Chinese for river travel and trade, and the largest for travel and trade across oceans (Zheng He's Treasure Fleet).
What are junks?
Caravans of these animals that were (and still are) utilized to transport goods across the Trans-Saharan trade network.
What are dromedaries aka camels?
Timbuktu and the Empires of Ghana and Mali thrived as part of this trade network in the period circa 1200-1450 ce.
What is the Trans-Saharan Trade Route?
Unfortunately, the Mongols were likely the way that this disease would make its way to ravage Europe and Northern Africa in the 14th century and periodically resurface for generations afterward.
What is Bubonic Plague?
In order to rule such a huge amount of land, and also because the Mongols believed religion was tied to the land, they were generally this, which would not always be the case in later history, especially in Europe.
What is religiously tolerant?
Indian Ocean trading/merchant vessel (Arabs) that sometimes used lateen sails.
What is a dhow?
She was a 14th century English Christian mystic who had her life and experiences as a pilgrim recorded in an autobiography. In her lifetime she was accused of heresy multiple times for her religious preaching and extreme practice.
Who was Margery Kempe?
Gunpowder, porcelain, woodblock printing, the compass.
What is Song China?
751 ce, The Abbasids versus the Tang Dynasty (China). Abbasids win, and gain knowledge of how to make this.
What is paper?
What is egalitarian?
Prior to the Transatlantic Slave trade (but also still happening during and after it) this trade network saw the human trafficking of African people from the western empires of Mali and Ghana to the sultanates of the Ottomans and others further east.
What was the Trans-Saharan trade routes?
This time period in the world of Dar al Islam is considered to be a "golden age of Islam" by some historians due to the incredible contributions to preserving the works of the ancients in Madrasas, but also for the incredible architecture, scientific findings and growth of knowledge that was supported by the leaders of these sultanates for centuries. They used their immense wealth to fund all of this. Think Mansa Musa.
What is the Pax Islamica?
Fruits originally from southeast Asia that would spread to Europe and Africa through Arab traders/merchants. They're excellent sources of potassium and vitamin c, which over time would better sustain and grow populations where they were introduced. They also would change the environments of where they grow.
What are bananas and oranges?
The "holy wars" called for by multiple popes, for western European Christians to help their eastern (Byzantine) Orthodox Christians from invasions led by Muslim Ottoman Turks to regain control of the Levant (Holy Land) and Anatolia . There were multiple ones, none were successful in the long-term. This occurred between the 11th and 14th centuries. What did result was a huge cultural exchange that would prompt the European "Renaissance".
What were the Crusades?
1250-1570, Sultanate (Kingdom) that occupied present day Egypt and the Levant, and the world of Dar al Islam.
What was the Mamluk Sultanate?
This extremely valuable preservative that was mined in the Sahara desert was one of the most valuable commodities of that trade network.
What was salt?
What is true?