Gustation and Olfaction
Another name for the sense of taste
What is gustation
The large, fleshy external structure on the lateral aspect of the head
What is the auricle
The sense of balance
Equilibrium
The inner surface of each lid is a thin membrane known as
What is the palpebral conjunctiva
Loss of olfaction
What is anosmia
The surface of the tongue, along with the rest of the oral cavity, is lined by
What is stratified squamous epithelium
At the end of the auditory canal the ________ vibrates after being struck by sound waves
What is the tympanic membrane/ear drum
The neural signals generated in the _______ are transmitted through the vestibulocochlear nerve to the brain stem and cerebellum.
What is the vestibular ganglion
Produces tears, located beneath the lateral edges of the eye
What is the lacrimal gland
The abnormal sense of equilibrium that occurs when one perceives movement that isn't happening
What is vertigo
Taste molecules bind to ______ that allow calcium influx, which depolarizes the taste receptor cell
What are ionic receptors
The three small bones within the middle ear
Ossicles: malleus, incus, and stapes
The stereocilia of the hair cells extend into a viscous gel called the _____
What is the otolithic membrane
Originates at the posterior orbit, near the orgin of the four rectus muscles
What is the superior oblique
The abnormal perception of sound or 'ringing in ears'; it is sometimes called 'phantom noise' because it involves sensation of sound that isn't there.
What is tinnitus
The group of axons called _______ connect to the olfactory bulb on the ventral surface of the frontal lobe
What is the olfactory tract
The oval window is located at the beginning of a fluid-filled tube within the cochlea
What is the scala vestibuli
The type of tissue the utricle and saccule are both largely composed of
What is macula
The middle layer of the eye, which is mostly comprised of the choroid along with the ciliary body, suspensory ligaments, lens, and iris
What is the tunica vasculosa
Inflammation of the ear, and can be subdivided based on region with infection: otitis externa affects outer ear (pinna, auditory canal, tympanic membrane), otitis media affects middle ear (cavity and structures between tympanic membrane and membranous windows, auditory tube), and otitis interna affects inner ear (sensory organs).
What is otitis
Bind to proteins that keep them dissolved in the mucus and help transport them to the olfactory dendrites
What are odorant molecules
Lies on top of the basilar membrane, which is the side of the cochlear duct located between the organs of Corti and the scala tympani.
What is are the organs of Corti
Three-ring like extensions of the vestibule
What are the semicircular canals
A layer highly vascular connective tissue that provides a blood supply to the eyeball
What is the choroid
Clouding of lens leading to blurry/loss of vision. Aging, diabetes, smoking, and UV light are all risk factors.
What is a cataract