The Neuron
The regular cycle of biological processes, such as sleep and temperature, that occur every 24 hours.
What is circadian rhythm?
The lobe of the brain that is responsible for vision
What is the occipital?
Caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, and amphetamines are all categorized as this type of drug.
What are stimulants?
Theory that dreams are the result of the cerebral cortex interpreting and organizing random flashes of brain activity,
What is activation synthesis theory?
Schizophrenia is most closely linked with excess of this neurotransmitter, and Parkinson's disease is linked to a deficit in it.
What is dopamine?
Sometimes called the small brain, this structure is responsible for fine motor functioning and balance.
Cerbellum
Alcohol is this type of drug
What is a depressant?
The type of neuron that carries outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands
What are motor neurons
An amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity that sweep across the brain's surface
What is an EEG
According to Freud, this is the meaning of a dream.
What is latent content?
Alcohol increases the effects of this inhibitory neurotransmitter.
What is GABA?
The part of the brain that is responsible for understanding written and spoken language.
What is Wernicke's area
Drugs like LSD and marijuana that distort perceptions of reality.
What are hallucinogens?
A layer of fatty tissue encasing the fibers of many nuerons: enables vastly greater transmission speed of neural impulses.
What is myelin sheath
Hemisphere of the brain associated with recognizing faces
What is the right hemisphere?
How your behaviors and environment can cause changes that affect the way your genes work
What is epigenetics?
Theory that dreams help us sort out the day's events and consolidate our memories
Information processing theory
Neurotransmitter that is found to decrease up to 90% in patients with Alzheimer's.
What is Acetylcholine (ACh)?
The brain's capacity for modification, as evident in the brain reorganization following damage
What is plasticity?
The naturally occurring opiate that the brain produces.
What are endorphins?
In neural transmission, electrical signals travel down this.
What is an axon
The part of the brain that controls the pituitary gland
What is the hypothalamus?
Large slow brain waves associated with deep sleep
What are delta waves?
The reabsorption of neurotransmitters after sending a message.
What is reuptake?
Just like Phineas Gage, damage to your ______ lobe will not kill you, but will change your _______
What is frontal/personality
Type of drug that reduces neurotransmission and temporarily lessons pain and anxiety.
What are opiates?
The space between two neurons (nerve cells) that allows information to pass from one nerve cell to another
What is the Synapse
Bridge of fibers in the brain that connects the right and left hemisphere
What is the corpus callosum?
When Mary was younger she fell off the swing and had a metal plate placed in her head. Mary cannot get these two types of brain scans.
What are MRI and fMRI?
During REM sleep, we experience paradoxical sleep, which can be described as
What is our brains remain active but our bodies cannot move.
Substances that bind to synaptic receptors and increase the effect of the neurotransmitter
What are agonists
This part of the brain plays a significant role in creating new memories.
What is the hippocampus?
Substance that blocks the reuptake of dopamine, serotonin & norepinephrine creating an agonist effect that leads to an immediate feeling of a rush. Causes dependence
What is cocaine?
What's happening during repolarization
Na+ gates close, K+ gates open and flow out of the cell, turning the cell more negative.
A picture of a cat is flashed in the left visual field and a picture of a mouse is flashed in the right visual field of a split brain patient. The individual will be able to use her right hand to indicate she saw a ______
What is a mouse
Michael Meaney's 1988 study of activated genes in mice related to stress management and glucocorticoid levels is most closely related to this field of study:
What is epigenetics?
What is NREM-3?
The area that registers and processes body sensations and the lobe of the brain it is in.
What is the sensory cortex in the parietal lobe?
Cocaine acts as this by keeping serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine in the synaptic gap, thereby increasing the effects by ensuring they are more likely to bond repeatedly to the receiving neuron.
What is an agonist?