The Neuron
Neurotransmitters/ Nervous System
Older Brain Structures
Cerebral Cortex and Hemispheres
Genetics/Miscellaneous
100

This is the "Ear" of the Neuron, which receives messages from other Neurons

What is the Dendrite?

100

This brain chemical is responsible for feelings of pleasure and acts as the Brain's reward system.

What is Dopamine?

100

The oldest large region of our brain, which controls  basic function

What is the Brainstem?

100

The Bridge between the two hemispheres of the brain

What is the corpus callosum?

100

Biochemical units of heredity that makeup chromosomes

What are Genes?

200

The axon is coated in this fatty tissue layer, which insulates and allows for faster neural transmission

What is the Myelin Sheath?

200

This sub-system within the nervous system is responsible for the regulation of our body's homeostasis, which it accomplishes by speeding up or slowing down bodily processes

What is the autonomic Nervous System?

200

The "baby brain" at the back of our heads that controls coordination and movement

What is the cerebellum?

200

The lobe of the brain that is responsible for planning, judgment, and reasoning

What is Frontal Lobe?

200

Dizygotic Twins are more commonly known as

Fraternal Twins

300

When Neurotransmitters cross the synaptic gap, they bind to these spots on the receiving dendrite like keys fitting in locks

What are receptor sites?

300

This system operates slower than neurotransmitter in the brain, and send chemicals through the blood instead

What is the endocrine system?

300

These are the main functions that the "Limbic system" is associated with controlling (Must name 2 of 3)

Emotions (Amygdala)
Drives (Hypothalamus)
Memory (Hippocampus) 

300

A thin band that runs down the entire length of the back of the Frontal Lobe, is responsible for controlling voluntary muscle movement

What is the Primary Motor Cortex?

300

When a gene "expresses" or shows itself under differing environmental conditions

Epigenetics

400

The two ions that are responsible for the "action potential" of electricity running down the length of the axon.

What are Sodium (Na) and Potassium (K)?

400

Please correctly identify the function of both Afferent and Efferent Neurons

Afferent = Sensory. Receives information from the outside world and sends it to the brain.

Efferent = Motor. Sends signals to the body from the brain. 

400

Please identify all of the Body's senses that the Thalamus is involved with.

*The Thalamus reroutes sensory information to appropriate cortexes in the brain. 

Vision
Hearing
Taste
Touch

No Smell

400

When a person loses a sense early in life, the brain will take over that part of the brain and use it for other purposes.

What is plasticity?

400

This type of Psychology focuses on survival of the fittest and reproduction

Evolutionary Psychology

500

Please describe in detail how drugs like SSRIs and Cocaine block the reuptake of Neurotransmitters and why this is often beneficial.

Drugs that block reuptake prevent the Terminal Button of the sending Neuron (one giving the neurotransmitter) from reabsorbing the chemicals in the synaptic gap that it had released previously. The potential benefit is that this artificially boosts the amount of a neurotransmitter in the brain, which can help with certain psychological disorders (e.g Depression)

500

Please identify the part of the brain responsible for controlling, and the master gland of the Endocrine system and explain how they work together to control the entire system. 

The hypothalamus is the part of the brain that controls the system. It sends messages to the Pituitary gland, which in turn sends chemical instructions to all the other glands of the Endocrine system. 

500

Please explain the difference between an MRI, fMRI, and CT scan. 

CT Scan: X Rays of the head

MRI: Manipulates Magnetic fields to create accurate images of brain structures

fMRI: Uses a series of MRI scans to measure blood flow throughout the brain.

500

Please describe the function of association areas

Association areas in the brain do not have a specific function, but rather create connections and involved in higher mental fucntions like remembering, thinking, and speaking

500

Monozygotic Twins are more commonly known as

identical twins