Development 1
In the prenatal stage of life a woman might be warned about ____________, harmful chemicals and toxins that would be transferred to the fetus such as alcohol, cigarette smoke, drugs etc
teratogen
Psychologists
agree that the start of adolescence is ___________
puberty
What is a longitudinal study?
type of correlational research study that involves looking at variables over an extended period of time. (in developmental psych this could be looking at the same group of people at different stages of life)
According to Erikson, infants experience
trust versus mistrust
_____ is a person’s ability to recover from or adapt to difficult times
Resilliance
Name three main types of temperaments in newborns:
Easy, slow to warmup, difficult
Describe the role of nature and nurture in development
nurture experience
nature genetics
What is a cross sectional study?
looking at data from a population at one specific point in time (diff age groups tested and studied at the same time) does not account for cohort effect
According to Erikson, adolescents experience
identity vs identity confusion
Name all of the types of parenting and briefly describe what each one is.
Authoritarian
Authoritative
Permissive
Neglectful
What are the stages of development during the prenatal period?
Zygote, embryo, fetus
In adolescence pruning takes place within the brain. What is pruning?
Synaptic pruning is a natural process that occurs in the brain between early childhood and adulthood. During synaptic pruning, the brain eliminates extra synapses. ... Synaptic pruning is thought to be the brain's way of removing connections in the brain that are no longer needed, generalization to specialization
Describe the cohort effect.
variations in age groups due to being from different generations with different experiences and social normalities
________________ coined the term, "knowledgeable other" meaning that one develops faster from the experiences they receive and the knowledge from a teacher or parent etc.
Vygotsky
______________ is when an individual experiences difficulty understanding something from someone else's perspective.
egocentrism
_________________ is a theory that cells can divide a maximum of about 100 times and that as we age our cells become less capable of dividing
cellular clock theory
What are the four stages of development according to Piaget? Briefly describe each one.
Sensorimotor
Preoperational
Concrete Operational
Formal Operational
Describe the Harlow Study.
monkey and attachment mention wire and cloth monkey mother
Kohlberg told the _____________ story to show moral development. However females could score lower due to the fact that he only studied males. ___________ sought to correct this.
Heinz, Gilligan
what is it called when we modify or change new information to fit into our schemas
accomodation
Name all 8 stages of psychosocial development according to Erikson.
Name the stages of moral development according to Kohlberg
preconventional
conventional
postconventional
______________ came up with the strange situation test for babies that showed that if the mother left the room how the infant would respond to the stranger and to the mother leaving and returning.
Ainsworth
According to Erikson, following the resolution of the intimacy versus isolation dilemma the adult turns to concerns about
generativity versus stagnation
What is object permanence? How did Baillargeon say that babies had object permanence before Piaget thought?
object permanence is understanding something is there even when it is not visible, ie peekaboo
minnie mouse study