Unit 1
Describe Nature vs Nurture
Nature - born with it
Nurture - outside influences
What is the difference b/t Bottom-Up and Top-Down processing? How do schemas fit in?
Bottom-Up: Using sensory info to figure things out
Top-Down: Using models and ideas to interpret sensory info
Schemas: Mental frameworks (Top-Down)
What is the difference b/t Operant and Classical Conditioning?
Operant = Voluntary behaviors with consequences
Classical: involuntary responses with stimuli
What is the zone of proximal development?
Growth and learning occurs when someone is able to learn from a more knowledgeable other.
What are ACEs (with examples) and the two different types of stress (details)?
Adverse Childhood Experiences
Eustress and Distress
Name the 7 Psych perspectives
Biological, Psychodynamic, Behavioral, Cognitive, Humanistic, Evolutionary, Sociocultural
Difference b/t Growth and Fixed Mindset. How is it similar or different from Fluid/Crystallized intelligence
Fixed= not moving. Similar to crystallized
Growth = changing. Similar to Fluid
What are some things that can effect development in the womb?
Teratogens, Illness, Genetic Mutations
What are the 6 Universal Emotions?
Anger, Disgust, Happiness, Surprise, Fear, Sadness
What two governing bodies have diagnostic tools for psych disorders and what are those tools?
APA - DSM V
WHO - ICD
Tell me about Absolute Threshold and Just-Noticeable Difference as it relates to sensation.
Absolute = minimum needed for detection of stimulus (sugar in water)
JND = minimal change in stimulus that is detected (salt in food)
What is Gestalt psychology? Give 2 specifics and examples
How we perceive things by using parts to make up the whole.
Ex: Similarity, Proximity, Continuity, Common Fate, Closure, etc.
Describe Piaget's 4 stages of development
Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Conrete, and Formal Operational
What are some key concepts of Attribution Theory?
Dispositional vs Situational Attributes; Fundamental Attribution Error. Actor observer and Self-serving bias
Everyone! How do the 7 Psych perspectives view psych disorders? Use key terms. No repeats.
Lose points if unable.
Explain
Everyone! Pick a neurotransmitter/hormone and tell me what is does. No repeats. If wrong or unable, lose points
Dopamine, Norepinephrine, GABA, Ghrelin, Oxytocin, Serotonin, etc.
How do we encode memories? Give me two different strategies and tell me about two different "effects"
Mnemonic devices, chunking, hierarchies, method of loci
Spacing Effect, Serial Position Effect, Primacy and Recency Effects
Describe the 4 styles of parenting and the 4 styles of attachment
Authoritarian, Authoritative, Permissive, Neglectful
Secure, Avoidant, Anxious, and Disorganized
What is trait theory and what are the Big 5 Traits?
Openness to Experience
Cosncientiousness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Emotional Stability
Everyone! Pick 2 psych disorders and list some causes and characteristics. No repeats. Lose points if unable.
Neurodevelopmental, Schizophrenia, Depression, Bipolar, Anxiety, OCD, Dissociative, PTSD, Feeding and Eating, Personality
Everyone! Pick two parts of the brain and describe their function. No repeats. Lose points if unable to do so.
Cerebellum, Cerebral Cortex, Hypothalamus, Broca's Area, Occipital, Parietal, Temporal and Frontal Lobes, etc
How do we store and retrieve memories? What are some issues that can be encountered with each?
Sensory, Short-Term, Working. Rehearsal. All types of amnesia
Retrieval, Recall, Recognition. Mood, context, state dependent memory. Misinformation.
Detail Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development
Trust/Mistrust, Autonomy/Shame and Doubt, Initiative/Guilt, Industry/Inferiority, Identity/Role Confusion, Intimacy/Isolation, Generativity/Stagnation, Integirty/Despair
Tell me about Psychodynamic Theory of Personality. What are the key aspects and what are at least 3 defense mechanisms
Id, Ego, Superego. Free association
Denial, Displacement, Projection, Rationalization, Regression, Repression
Everyone! Pick two specific treatments for psych disorders. No repeats. Lose points if unable.
A whole bunch.