Operant Conditioning
What makes behaviors stop?
What is Punishment?
behavior that occurs naturally to a stimulus. name both ways of saying
What is UR and respondent behavior?
Who is Ivan Pavlov?
Variable-interval explain it.
Gets a reward after na random amount of time has allotted. Produced slow consistent responding as the responses don't change the amount or when the reward happens.
Inching a behavior closer and closer to the desired goal.
What is shaping?
the idea that reinforced behaviors are likely to recur and punished behaviors are less likely to recur.
What is law of effect?
After learning that they can't avoid punishment animals and humans perceive that they are no longer in control of their situations.
What is learned helplessness?
father of behaviorism.
Who is John Watson?
the inclination to learn behaviors that fit your regular or biological behaviors.
What is biological preparedness?
reinforcing after every time the behavior occurs.
What is continuous reinforcement.
Experimental cube for operant conditioning on animals. name both names?
What is Skinner box and operant chamber?
Scared a child by banging sounds behind its head when it touched specific objects. name the experiment?
What is the little Albert experiment by Watson?
believed he could condition anyone or animal to precise behaviors.
Who is B.F Skinner
Define abbreviations:
US (UCS)
UR(UCR)
CS
CR
NS
unconditioned stimulus
unconditioned response
conditioned stimulus
conditioned response
neutral stimulus
What is a cognitive map?
A reinforcer tied to a basic biological need
What is a secondary reinforcer?
The responding to similar stimuli to the CS.
What is generalization in classical conditioning?
believed that reinforced behaviors will recur and punished behaviors won't recur.
Who is Edward Thorndike?
Experiment testing essentially mirror neurons and observational learning. imitation.
What is the bobo doll experiment? Author?
then reverting to the animals normal or biological practices when doing a behavior that doesn't fit them.
What is instinctive drift?
define negative reinforcement, positive reinforcement, positive punishment and negative punishment.
negative reinforcement: getting rid of an aversive stimulus.
positive reinforcement: giving a reward
negative punishment: getting rid of something desirable
positive punishment: giving something undesirable.
The ability to associate another stimulus to the CS without using the US.
What is higher-order conditioning or secondary-conditioning?
An incidental occasion of chance (a reward) that is combined with a behavior can be associated and repeated even if not logically reasonable.
What is superstitious behavior?
Learning that occurs by watching other's punishments and reinforcements.
What is vicarious learning?