The Lab Report
When participants in a study have an equal chance of being placed in any group, this procedure helps reduce bias.
What is random assignment?
Our sense of balance and spatial orientation comes from this system in the inner ear.
What is the vestibular sense?
When you suddenly hear your name across a crowded room despite not paying attention to other conversations, you're experiencing this phenomenon.
What is the cocktail party effect?
According to Piaget, children in this stage can understand conservation of mass and number but still struggle with abstract concepts.
What is the Concrete Operational Stage?
This type of behavioral therapy gradually exposes patients to anxiety-triggering stimuli while they remain relaxed, helping them overcome phobias step by step.
What is Systematic Desensitization?
A -0.89 correlation between study time and anxiety levels is an example of this type of relationship.
What is a negative correlation?
This brain imaging technique measures blood flow to show which parts of the brain are most active during specific tasks.
What is functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (or fMRI)?
This mental shortcut leads us to judge the probability of events based on how easily examples come to mind.
What is the availability heuristic?
A child developing a sense of pride in their schoolwork while their classmate feels unable to meet expectations demonstrates this stage of Erikson's theory.
What is Industry vs. Inferiority?
This intense fear of open or crowded spaces can lead people to avoid leaving their homes, often developing after a panic attack in a public place.
What is Agoraphobia?
If you score at the 85th percentile on a test, this means you performed better than this percentage of test-takers.
What is 85 percent?
DAILY DOUBLE
This sleep disorder, also known as sleepwalking, involves complex behaviors during non-REM sleep.
What is somnambulism?
This is the improved performance that occurs when people are exposed to positive stereotypes about their own group.
What is stereotype lift?
This type of reinforcement schedule provides rewards after varying amounts of time have passed, leading to steady response rates.
What is Variable Interval schedule of reinforcement?
These early life stressors, measured on a 10-point scale, include experiences like abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction, and can predict future health outcomes.
What are Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs)?
When researchers can say with confidence that their results are unlikely to have occurred by chance alone, they have achieved this.
What is statistical significance?
In this type of aphasia, patients can speak fluently but have difficulty understanding others and often produce meaningless speech.
What is Wernicke's aphasia?
After a severe head injury, Henry cannot form new memories but can recall his past - this specific type of memory loss is called...
What is anterograde amnesia?
Vygotsky's concept describing the difference between what a learner can do without help and what they can do with guidance from a skilled partner.
What is the Zone of Proximal Development?
Unlike PTSD, this psychological phenomenon describes positive psychological changes experienced after trauma, such as greater appreciation for life and improved relationships.
What is Posttraumatic Growth?
When developing a new intelligence test, ensuring that it measures both fluid and crystallized intelligence rather than just memorization shows strong evidence for this type of validity.
What is construct validity?
This autoimmune disorder attacks the myelin sheaths of neurons, leading to problems with movement, vision, and coordination that come and go in a relapsing-remitting pattern.
What is Multiple Sclerosis (or MS)?
This neural mechanism strengthens synaptic connections through repeated stimulation and is considered the cellular basis for learning and memory formation.
What is long-term potentiation?
A bilingual person's ability to translate between languages and apply cultural knowledge represents this type of intelligence, which reflects accumulated learning rather than raw problem-solving ability.
What is crystallized intelligence?
This therapeutic approach challenges the belief "I must be perfect or I'm worthless" by showing how such absolute thinking patterns lead to emotional distress.
What is Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)?