Emotion & Motivation
The theory that facial expressions can influence emotional experience.
What is the facial-feedback hypothesis?
An anxiety disorder involving fear of situations where escape might be difficult or embarrassing, often leading to avoidance of public places.
What is agoraphobia?
This formula calculates IQ by dividing mental age by chronological age and multiplying by 100
What is the intelligence quotient formula?
A step-by-step process for solving a specific type of problem systematically.
What is an algorithm?
A psychodynamic therapy technique where clients freely express thoughts and feelings without censoring themselves.
What is free association?
The process of interpreting and evaluating situations to determine their emotional significance.
What is cognitive appraisal?
A disorder involving disruption of consciousness, memory, identity, or perception that often develops as a way to cope with trauma.
What is a dissociative disorder?
The extent to which a test predicts future performance or success.
What is predictive validity?
The presentation of information in the environment that activates related concepts in memory.
What is priming?
A mental shortcut or rule of thumb used to solve problems quickly, though it may not always lead to the correct answer.
What is a heuristic?
This hormone promotes bonding between parents and infants and is involved in social bonding generally.
What is oxytocin?
A developmental disorder characterized by difficulties with social communication, avoidance of eye contact, lack of facial expressions, and difficulty showing empathy.
What is autism spectrum disorder?
The consistency of a test in measuring what it is supposed to measure.
What is reliability?
The tendency to perform better on simple or well-practiced tasks when others are watching.
What is social facilitation?
The tendency to continue investing in something because of previously invested resources, even when it's no longer beneficial.
What is the sunk-cost fallacy?
This neurotransmitter is associated with reward, motivation, and movement.
What is dopamine?
A severe mental disorder involving disruptions in thought processes, perception, and emotional responsiveness.
What is schizophrenia?
A sudden realization of a solution to a problem, often occurring after unconscious processing.
What is insight?
The tendency of a group to prioritize consensus and harmony over critical evaluation.
What is groupthink?
Cultural guidelines that dictate which emotions are appropriate to express in different situations.
What are display rules?
This hormone regulates appetite by signaling fullness and helping to control food intake.
What is leptin?
A behavioral therapy technique for treating phobias by gradually exposing a person to the feared stimulus while in a relaxed state.
What is systematic desensitization?
The process by which repeated learning and practice strengthens neural connections, improving memory storage and retrieval.
What is long-term potentiation?
The tendency to assume that others share our beliefs, values, and behaviors more than they actually do.
What is the false consensus effect?
The mistaken belief that past events affect future probabilities of independent events.
What is the gambler's fallacy?