Review
The right to have your identity protected in a study
What is confidentiality?
This study used a fake drop-off to test depth perception in infants
What is visual cliff?
A time when a skill must develop or it probably isn't going to
What is a critical period (or sensitive period)?
Understanding that things exist even when they cannot be seen
What is object permanence?
After a food makes you sick, you will not want it again
What is taste aversion?
the fun parents that let you do whatever
What is permissive?
What is generalization?
You must agree to take part in a study and be aware of any risks
What is informed consent?
Studies that test participants from different groups all at once
What is cross-sectional?
The emotional dispositions and reactivity of infants that is present at birth
What is tempermant?
What is identity v. role confusion?
Decrease in the conditioned response after conditioning stops
What is extinction?
A mental layout of your physical environment
What is cognitive map?
The bell in Pavlov's study prior to conditioning
What is neutral stimulus?
The aspect of the study that is controlled or changed by a researcher
What is the independent variable?
What is the dependent variable?
When the bottom of the foot is stroked, toes fan out
What is Babinski reflex?
What is animism?
a stimulus that causes an automatic response
What is an unconditioned stimulus?
adding something desirable to increase a behavior
What is positive reinforcement?
Parents that ground you because you were home 2 minutes late and you even called to tell them
What is authoritarian?
This branch of psychology rejects the idea of free will and is focused solely on observable actions
What is behaviorism? (or behavioral psychology)
The amount of something is consistent even if the shape of the container changes
What is conservation?
An overly clingy infant that does not explore their environment has this type of attachment
A young child's struggle to realize that other ppl see and experience things differently
What is egocentrism?
reinforcement after a predetermined number of behaviors
What is fixed ratio?
This sad study showed that infants need hugs and stuff to feel loved (contact comfort)
What is Harlow study? (cloth mother, wire mother, sad baby monkeys)
Losing screen time for a week because you hit your sister
Making your dependent variable measurable so a study can be replicated
What is operational definition?
2 word speech that develops around age 2
What is telegraphic speech?
Children develop in clear stages that start & stop abruptly
What is discontinuous?
Piaget stage - children have beliefs like animism, egocentrism & not understand conservation
What is preoperational?
reinforcement after a random amount of time
What is variable interval?
You are way more likely to fear heights than flowers
What is biological preparedness?
Getting a bonus for every 5 cars you sell
What is fixed ratio?
Vygotsky - helping kids learn tasks that are too hard for them so they develop skills
What is zone of proximal development?
Parents with reasonable limitations & expectations
What is authoritative?
Erikson stage when adults (kind of older) want to feel socially useful and make a difference
What is generativity v. stagnation?
Learning that is not demonstrated until it is useful
What is latent learning?
Knowledge of facts that tends to increase with age (type of intelligence)
What is crystallized intelligence?
A kid takes a bite out of a squash because it looks so much like a banana
What is assimilation?