What's the Problem?
When you assume something is more likely because it matches your expectation/prototype
What is the representativeness heuristic?
Riding a bike is an example of this type of memory
What is procedural/implicit memory?
This process helps us get information into memory
What is encoding?
A type of sensory memory specific to vision
What is iconic memory?
Ebbinghaus's graphical representation of retention and forgetting over time
What is a forgetting curve?
Using a shoe to hammer a nail is an example of overcoming this
What is functional fixedness?
You are using this type of memory when you recall your favorite birthday party
What is episodic memory?
An encoding process that groups similar information into a single unit to increase capacity in short-term memory
What is chunking?
This terms is a newer way to think about short-term memory
What is working memory?
The phenomenon that explains why retelling a story can lead to an inaccurate memory
What is misinformation effect?
Explains why people might think they are more likely be in a plane crash than in a car accident
What is the availability heuristic?
The type of processing involved with implicit memory
What is automatic processing?
This is essential to moving information from sensory memory to short-term memory
What is attention?
Encoding semantically, based on the meaning of words, tends to yield best amount of retention
What is deep processing?
When you keep recalling your old phone number instead of your new phone number
What is proactive interference?
Example: 45 minutes into a movie you realize that you don't like it, but at this point you continue to watch it anyway
What is sunk-cost fallacy?
HOMES, ROYGBIV, MAIN (causes of WWI)
What is mnemonic device?
When the successful retrieval of a memory depends on the environment where the memory was encoded
What is context-dependent memory?
The assumed capacity of short-term memory
What is 7 ± 2?
Memory loss that prevents the retention of new memories
What is anterograde amnesia?
Example: advertising for massages instead of "random person rubbing your body"
What is framing?
The type of memory that allows me to remember that I bumped in someone 4 separate times in school today
What is implicit memory?
Tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon is an example of this
What is a retrieval failure?
The component of working memory you are (hopefully) using during a class lecture - hold auditory information
What is the phonological loop?
Besides the cerebellum, this part of the brain is also involved with processing implicit memories
What is the basal ganglia?