Do you - remember -?
This process helps us get information into memory
What is encoding?
Riding a bike is an example of this type of memory
What is procedural memory?
(or implicit/nondeclarative)
Thinking about thinking
What is metacognition?
When you suddenly discover the solution to a problem after struggling with it for a while; an "aha!" feeling
What is insight?
Proposed 4 stages of cognitive development
Who is Jean Piaget?
An encoding process that groups similar information into a single unit to increase capacity in short-term memory
What is chunking?
Psychologist known for their research on the misinformation effect
Who is Elizabeth Loftus?
When you assume something is more likely because it matches your expectation/prototype
What is the representativeness heuristic?
Explains why people might think they are more likely be in a plane crash than in a car accident
What is the availability heuristic?
Emotional distress seen in infants when they are introduced to people they don't know
What is stranger anxiety?
You are using this type of memory when you answer "who is the first president of the United States?"
What is semantic memory?
An unlimited capacity store that can hold information over lengthy periods of time
What is long-term memory?
When given a familiar option and an unfamiliar option, you assume the familiar option is better
What is the recognition heuristic?
Proposed that humans are equipped with an innate language acquisition device
Who is Noam Chomsky?
Risky adolescent behavior may be explained by the immaturity of this part of the brain
What is the prefrontal cortex?
Proposed motivated forgetting, or repression, as an explanation for retrieval failures of unpleasant memories
Who is Sigmund Freud?
Another name for declarative memory
What is explicit memory?
Created the first useful intelligence test, aimed at predicting children's success in school
Who is Alfred Binet?
A child's mental age divided by chronological age, multiplied by 100
What is the intelligence quotient?
This stage (crisis) of psychosocial development is marked by whether or not an infant's needs are adequately met by its caregivers
What is trust vs. mistrust?
A father's vivid recollection of the scene and his emotions when his daughter was born
What is a flashbulb memory?
Tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon is an example of this
What is a retrieval failure?
Replaced the intelligence quotient for the normal distribution in his intelligence test
Who is David Weschler?
Without prior exposure to language, a child cannot truly learn any language beyond this point
What is a critical period?
Mastery of conservation is characteristic of this stage of cognitive development
What is the concrete operational period?