A (M31)
The persistence of learning over time through the encoding, storage, and retrieval of information
What is memory?
A clear, sustained memory of an emotionally significant moment or event.
What is flashbulb memory?
the activation, often unconsciously, of particular associations in memory.
What is priming?
All the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating.
What is cognition?
A sudden realization of a problem's solution; contrasts with strategy-based solutions.
What is insight?
A measure of memory in which the person identifies items previously learned.
What is recognition?
A momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli; a picture-image memory lasting no more than a few tenths of a second.
What is iconic memory?
An inability to form new memories.
What is anterograde amnesia?
A mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people
What is a concept?
The way an issue is posed; how an issue is framed can significantly affect decisions and judgments.
What is framing?
Activated memory that holds a few items briefly before the information is stored or forgotten.
What is short-term memory?
Retention of learned skills or classically conditioned associations independent of conscious recollection. (Also called nondeclarative memories.)
What is implicit memory?
Occurs when misleading information has distorted one's memory of an event.
A mental image or best example of a category.
What is prototype?
A tendency to approach a problem in one particular way, often a way that has been successful in the past.
What is mental set?
Unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time, and frequency, and of well-learned information.
Encoding semantically, based on the meaning of the words; tends to yield the best retention.
What is deep processing?
Faulty memory for how, when, or where information was learned or imagined.
What is source amnesia?
Narrowing the available problem solutions to determine the single best solution
What is convergent thinking?
A tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence
What is confirmation bias?
Processing many aspects of a problem simultaneously; the brain’s natural mode of information processing for many functions.
What is parallel processing?
Our tendency to recall best the last (recency effect) and first (primacy effect) items in a list.
What is the serial position effect?
The forward-acting disruptive effect of older learning on the recall of new information.
What is proactive interference?
Expanding the number of possible problem solutions; creative thinking that diverges in different directions
What is divergent thinking?
Judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent, or match, particular prototypes; may lead us to ignore other relevant information
What is representativeness heuristic?