Schools of Thought
The distinctive feature of the psychodynamic perspective is its emphasis on
the subconscious/unconscious
Which philosopher is most well known for theorizing that the mind at birth is tabula rasa or a “blank slate”?
john locke
Dr. Robinson conducts basic research on the relationship between brain chemistry and intellectual functioning. Which psychological specialty does Dr. Robinson's research best represent?
biological
Psychologists generally prefer the experimental method to other research methods because
experiments can show cause and effect relationships
To safeguard participants' rights, prior to collecting any data, researchers are supposed to seek approval from
everyone on the research team must agree unanimously
Mark thinks that people are genetically predisposed to dislike bitter-tasting foods because this has enhanced human survival. His belief best illustrates the ________ perspective.
evolutionary
German psychologists who studied the mind's tendency to organize parts into a pattern were known as ___ psychologists.
GESTALT
Dr. Ochoa develops tests to accurately identify the most qualified job applicants in a large manufacturing firm. Which psychological specialty does Dr. Ochoa's work best represent?
industrial
Theoretically, random assignment should eliminate
many confounding variables
Kevin conducts an experiment to see whether fear makes mice run through mazes faster. He first selected a sample of 60 mice and then divided them into a control group and an experimental group. Which CANNOT be a confounding variable?
The population from which he selected his subjects
Behaviorists explain human behavior as a result of
past conditioning and training
John Watson relied on the pioneering work of _________ is establishing behaviorism as a paradigm of psychology.
pavlov
Dr. Wilcox writes a blog to help shy people become more outgoing. Dr. Wilcox is most likely a(n) ________ psychologist.
personality
A correlation coefficient is a measure of the:
Direction and strength of the relationship between two variables
Efforts to discover whether the intelligence of children is more heavily influenced by their biology or by their home environments are most directly relevant to the debate regarding
nature vs nuture
In what way might a behaviorist disagree with a cognitive psychologist about the cause of aggression?
A behaviorist might state that aggression is caused by rewards that cause the aggression while a cognitive psychologist may believe that aggression is caused by thoughts and memories that cause aggression.
Who developed the famous hierarchy of needs?
maslow
Dr. Veenstra completed a long-term study on the impact of racial prejudice on behavior. Dr. Veenstra is most likely a(n) ________ psychologist.
social
Emma's score is a perfect 100% on a test that everyone else fails. If we were to graph this distribution, it would be
positively/right skewed
Formulating testable hypotheses before conducting research is most directly useful for restraining a thinking error known as:
hindsight bias
What school of thought examines the "entire picture"?
gestalt
Who was a student of William James and the first female president of the American Psychological Association?
Mary Calkins
After completing research on how individual differences affect learning, Mr. Kay is planning to help teachers develop lessons that incorporate differentiated activities for different learning styles. Mr. Kay is most likely a(n) ________ psychologist.
educational
Mr. Crowley hypothesizes that a new drug he has just invented will enhance mice's memories. he feeds the drug to the experimental group and gives the control group a placebo. He then times the mice as they learn to run through a maze. In order to know whether his hypothesis has been supported, Jose would need to use
inferential statistics
Which of the following best describes the view of the mind held by Plato and Socrates?
The mind is separate from the body and continues after the body dies.