Any indication that learning has persisted over time
What is memory
100
The processing of information into the memory system
What is encoding
100
Two types of sensory memory
What is iconic and echoic
100
In psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories
What is repression
100
Incorporating miseading information into one's memory of an event
What is misinformation effect
200
A clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event
What is flashbulb memory
200
Organizing items into familiar, manageable units; often occurs automatically
What is chunking
200
Retention independent of conscious recollection, also called procedural memory
What is implicit memory
200
These are the three ways in which memory fails us
What is forgetting, distortion, and intrusion
200
This now famous experiment to demonstrate the ease of planting false memories in a person.
What is Lost in the Shopping Mall experiment.
300
The immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system
What is sensory memory
300
Encoding that requires attention and conscious effort
What is effortful processing
300
Memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and "declare". Also called declarative memory
What is explicit memory
300
Type of memory that fades after storage
What is encoded memories
300
A memory of an event that never occurred.
What is a false memory
400
A newer understanding of short term memory that involves conscious, active processing of incoming auditory and visual- spatial information, and of information retrieved from long- term memory
What is working memory
400
The three types of encoding
What is visual, acoustic, and semantic
400
The tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one's current good or bad mood
What is mood- congruent memory
400
The disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information
What is proactive interference
400
Conceptual frameworks that individuals use to make sense out of their world.
What are schemas.
500
The person who developed the classic three- stage processing model of memory
What is Atkinson- Shiffrin
500
Tendency to retain information more easily if we practice it repeatedly over time than if we practice it in one long session
What is spacing effect
500
An increase in a synapse's firing potential after brief rapid stimulation. Believed to be a neural basis for learning and memory
What is long- term potentiation (LTP)
500
The disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information
What is retroactive interference
500
Psychologist who experimentally implanted false memories of childhood traumas in order to prove that memories are often constructed