Psychologists
This person taught dogs to associate the ringing of a bell with food which caused the dogs to salivate even when food wasn't presented
Ivan Pavlov
Psych should focus on structure and elements of immediate conscious experience
Psych should focus on how and why the mind does what it does
Structuralism, Functionalism
Psychological disorder characterized by motor tension, hyperactivity, and apprehensive expectations and thoughts
Psychological disorder characterized by an individual experiencing an unrelenting lack of pleasure in life
Anxiety, Depression
This brain wave reflects concentration and alertness
This brain wave reflects relaxation and drowsiness
Beta Waves, Alpha Waves
This learning style occurs when an organism makes a connection, or an association, between two events
Associative Learning
The person conditioned a young child to be afraid of a white rat by banging a metal pipe whenever the child was shown the rat.
John B. Watson
Starts small then goes big. IE: ask to sign the petition early, get a commitment, and ask for money later.
Starts big and likely gets rejected, but follows with a smaller request that is more likely accepted due to guilt.
Foot-in-the-Door, Door-in-the-Face
Psychological disorder that is developed through exposure to a traumatic event, a severely oppressive situation, cruel abuse, or a natural or unnatural disaster
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
The 3 stages before REM
Stage N1, Stage N2, Stage N3
non-REM1, non-REM2, non-REM3
This learning style occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior
Observational Learning
This person put animals in a special cage that required three steps to escape and when the animal did wind up escaping then they would receive a reward. When put back in the same cage the animals did not need to go through trial and error again, which helped prove that they had learned how to get out of the cage.
Edward Thorndike
Behavior therapy designed to reduce anxiety responses by exposure to limited intensity, keeping calm, then increasing intensity.
Pair badly with bad-pair negative stimulus with unwanted behavior to reduce the behavior.
Systematic Desensitization, Aversion Conditioning
Psychological disorder characterized by extreme mood swings that include one or more episodes of mania, which is an overexcited, unrealistically optimistic state
Bipolar Disorder
This stage of sleep is characterized by rapid eye movements
Stage R
REM
This is the stimulus that produces a response without prior learning
Unconditioned Stimulus
This person showed children a three-dimensional model of a mountain and asked them to describe what a doll that's looking at the mountain from a different angle might see. The children tended to choose a picture that represents their own, rather than the doll's view.
Jean Piaget
Usually bottom-up sensory information we bring in.
Usually top-down. How the brain interprets something you’ve seen, uses expectations or experience to identify what something is.
Sensation, Perception
Psychological disorder characterized by highly disorganized thought processes, a medicine used to help regulate the disorganization is referred to as antipsychotic medication
Schizophrenia
This type of brain scan is used to monitor the brain's electrical activity and is used in sleep experiments
Electromyography
In classical conditioning, this is the process of learning to respond to certain stimuli and not others
Discrimination
This person conducted experiments in which participants had one hand in painfully icy water and the other hand on a button to alert the experimenter of feelings of pain. After the participants were hypnotized to not feel pain, participants did not verbally report feeling pain even though they subconsciously pressed the button to indicate that they felt pain.
Ernest Hilgard
Enables each person in your sample an equal chance of being in your experiment.
Allows each person in your sample an equal chance of being in the experiment or control groups.
Random Sample, Random Assignment
Dissociative Identity Disorder
A genetic mutation that results in the progressive inability to sleep and results in the death of the individual typically 18 months after diagnosis
Fatal Familial Insomnia
A form of treatment that consists of repeated pairings of a stimulus with a very unpleasant stimulus
Aversion Conditioning