Not the Response I was Looking For
A type of associative learning, also referred to as Pavlovian, in which two or more stimuli are linked
classical conditioning
A type of learning in which a behavior is shaped if followed by a reward or a punishment.
Great job, you get some candy!
operant conditioning
Type of reinforcement schedule where the desired response is reinforced every time it occurs. It also leads to the best outcomes, especially in learning.
continuous reinforcement schedule
The tendency to respond to similar stimuli, or for responses learned in one situation occurring in other similar situations
It's also one of the parts of the AAQ
generalization
The desire to perform a behavior due to promised rewards or threats of punishments.
"Wow. You mean you're going to pay me $5 million per year to play football? That's some great motivation!"
extrinsic motivation
What is the mean of the data set below?
3, 8, 15, 4, 5
7
An onion's smell as you cut it, which makes your eyes water.
Unconditioned Stimulus
An unlearned, naturally occurring response
"Wow, that dog sure loves food. Look at all that drool!"
what is an UR
Psychologist who created the operant chamber, with its other name being named after him
Who is B.F. Skinner
A reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response after an unpredictable number of responses. Ex: Bill plays a slot machine.
variable-ratio schedule
The reappearance, after a pause, of an extinguished CR
spontaneous recovery
A desire to perform a behavior effectively for its own sake
"I'm taking Psychology because I just love the topics!"
intrinsic motivation
The process of observing and imitating a specific behavior
what is modeling
This could be the bell that tells you to go to your next class.
Conditioned Stimulus
A stimulus that elicits no response before conditioning.
"What is that bell I keep hearing? I'm not sure what it's for."
neutral stimulus (NS)
Type of reinforcement where good things are given to get a desired response.
"You did such a good job! Go put a gold star next to your name on the board."
positive reinforcement
This schedule produces a slow, steady response and the greatest resistance to extinction. Having a Pop Quiz in each unit but at different times during that unit.
what is a variable-interval schedule
The diminishing of a CR when an US no longer follows a CS; or decreased responses without reinforcement
extinction
Bill is riding in the car, looking out the window. Later, he remembers the driving directions without having to think about it. What has Bill created in his mind?
cognitive map
What is the range of the data set below?
4, 2, 8, 5, 10
8
People learn to automatically say “you’re welcome” when they hear “thank you”
Conditioned Response
An originally neutral stimulus that, after association with an US, triggers a CR.
"Well, the bell rang. I guess it's time to go to my next class."
Conditioned Stimulus
A system where undesired outcomes are removed to increase desired behaviors
"Great job paying attention to this game. No homework!"
**Just kidding, we have a test on Monday (3/23). Make sure you study.
negative reinforcment
Once a desired response is learned, this type of schedule can be used to reinforce the behavior, but only part of the time.
partial (intermittent) reinforcement schedule
Learning to distinguish between a CS and other stimuli that do not cause a UR; or learning that some responses, but not others, will be reinforced
I know that when the bell rings, I need to leave class. But, when a tone plays, it's just an announcement.
discrimination
Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it.
"I wasn't paying attention in class but somehow knew the information when I got to the test."
latent learning
This might be when a student fails a test and says, "I'll never be able to do this, no matter what!"
learned helplessness
When you hear a loud noise, you jump in fear.
Unconditioned Response
Something that decreases a behavior by taking something desirable.
"Oh, you didn't finish your homework? I'm taking away your phone."
negative punishment
This schedule produces a start-stop pattern of responses. "Seriously, Mr. Jackson? We're having quizzes every 3 weeks for the entire year?!? Not cool!"
fixed-interval schedule
The initial stage, when one links a neutral stimulus (NS) and an US; or associating a response with a consequence
acquisition
What is the mode of the data set below?
5, 10, 12, 5, 4, 2
5