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Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
Terms of the Unit
Limitations to Conditioning
Psychologists
100
This is the biological, natural behavior that is associated with a stimulus in Classical Conditioning.
What is an Unconditioned Response
100
This term in Operant Conditioning will always result in INCREASING the desired behavior.
What is reinforcement or a reinforcer?
100
Theory that learning occurs if you're paying attention, can retain it, can reproduce it, and are motivated to do so. 
What is Social-Cognitive Learning?
100
A biological limitation, this idea focuses on how certain foods may be favored over harmful foods without the process of conditioning needing to take place.
What is taste aversion?
100

First to study the basic principles of learning by using dogs, food, and bells. 

Who is Ivan Pavlov?
200
Pavlov's dogs were conditioned to salivate at the sound of a bell being rung. At this point, the bell would be considered what?
What is a Conditioned Stimulus
200
This term in Operant Conditioning will always result in a DECREASE of the desired behavior.
What is punishment, or a punisher?
200
This schedule reinforces a desired behavior some of the time in no apparent pattern.
What is a Partial (intermittent) Reinforcement?
200
A personal limitation, the ability to manage impulses and delay short-term gratification for greater long-term rewards.
What is self-control?
200
Demonstrated classical conditioning using "Little Albert" 
Who is John B. Watson?
300
When it was first introduced, the bell in Pavlov's experiment was considered one of these. After conditioning, it became a conditioned stimulus.
What is a Neutral Stimulus
300
When a teacher gives you an A+ because you worked hard on an essay, what form of Operant Conditioning is being used?
What is Positive Reinforcement?
300
If a test subject has been conditioned to salivate to a bell, but may also salivate to a whistle, we would consider it an example of this term.
What is generalization?
300
A personal limitation, the desire to perform a behavior to receive promised rewards or to avoid punishments and consequences.
What is Extrinsic Motivation?
300
Using rats and radioactive water, researched taste aversions. 
Who is John Garcia? 
400
If beth gets in a car crash that results in her being conditioned to fear that specific location of the accident, what role does the accident play in Classical Conditioning?
What is the Unconditioned Stimulus
400
A type of reinforcement schedule. When reinforcing or punishing a behavior, we utilize it every time the desired or undesired behavior occurs.
What is Continuous Reinforcement Schedule
400
When learning has occurred, but it may not be apparent until an incentive has been given to the test subject to demonstrate their learning.
What is latent learning?
400
A biological limitation, this theory helped explain why animals and humans may be prone to learning some associations over others. 
Biological Predisposition
400
Studied operant conditioning using measurable and observable behavior with a box of levers. 
Who is B.F. Skinner?
500
If a dog is classically conditioned to salivate to the sound of the bell, and we remove that stimulus from the equation, what will eventually happen to the dog's conditioned response?
What is extinction. The association between the bell and salivation will weaken over time until it is forgotten entirely.
500
A reinforcement schedule. When we wait for a specific number of responses utilizing the desired behavior, we reinforce.
What is a Fixed-Ratio Reinforcement Schedule
500
In Operant Conditioning, the process of a test subject getting closer and closer to the desired behavior each time they are reinforced or punished.
What is shaping?
500
After extinction has occurred, conditioned responses may reappear at random. 
What is spontaneous recovery?
500
This famous psychologist produced the "bobo the clown experiment" to measure the effects of observational learning and violence in young children.
Who is Albert Bandura?