Stages
What are these terms for?
Sensory, Short Term, and Long Term
What are the three types of memory?
What is this type of memory?
Speaking, seeing, and using all of your senses.
What is sensory memory?
the process of preserving information for possible recollection in the future (next step after encoding)
What is storage?
data never entered your memory; failure to process information into memory
What is an encoding failure?
encoding failure, storage failure, retrieval failure, proactive interference, retroactive interference
Why do we forget?
you can remember up to 7 units, bits, or items without a lot of difficulty
What is short term memory?
Captures exact copies of vast information (of sensory stimuli) for a very short amount of time.
What is sensory memory?
This type of memory lasts several minutes. 5-9 chunks of information.
What is working memory?
process of accessing information encoded and stored in memory
What is retrieval?
although the information is retained in the memory store, it cannot be accessed (tip of the tongue phenomenon)
What is retrieval failure?
Has a forgetting curve. The drop off is drastic, but what remains will be with you for a long time.
Who is Herman Ebbinghaus?
memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and "declare"; you are aware of having this type of memory
What is explicit memory?
has almost unlimited capacity and can hold onto information indefinitely
What is long term memory?
unconscious memory of how to carry out a variety of skills and activities (implicit memory)
What is procedural memory?
Grouping numbers, letters, or other items into recognizable subsets as a strategy for increasing the quantity of information maintained in short-term memory
What is chunking?
memories may decay over time; memory lapses
What is storage failure?
A detailed account of circumstances surrounding an emotionally significant or shocking, sometimes historic, event.
What is a flashbulb memory?
a memory of something you know or know how to do, which may be automatic, unconscious, and difficult to bring to awareness, and express
What is implicit memory?
Can store 7 items, plus or minus 2. Duration is about 30 seconds.
What is short term memory?
record of memorable experiences including when and where an experience occurred (explicit memory)
What is episodic memory?
technique for improving memory
What is mnemonic?
tendency for information learned in the past to interfere with retrieval of new information
What is proactive interference?
an inability to form new memories following damage to the brain
What is anterograde amnesia?
explicit, implicit, and flashbulb
What are the types of long term memory?