unit 1
A psychologist who help to pave the way with their ideas and first lab. Commonly known as a father of psychology.
Who is Wilhelm Wundt?
The neuron is crucial for sending messages throughout the body and consist of many parts. The end of the neuron that is branch like and receives information.
What is a dendrite?
The nervous system is composed of many parts and is in charge of receiving sensory signals. The five senses are sight, smell, taste, touch, and hearing. This is all part of :
What is sensation?
When a child is learning how to tie their shoes they can observe and learn the steps through watching their parent tie their shoes. This is a type of learning where the behaviors they see are later on repeated through modeling.
What is observational learning?
This word describes when we think about our thinking and we have awareness and control over our own thinking. This process includes different things like planning, decision making, problem solving, etc.
What is metacognition?
A kid gets a bike for their birthday after their parents said they couldn't get it. The kid says they knew they would get a bike all along. This is an example of:
What is hindsight bias?
Neurons fire to send messages with important information. Once a neuron fires the message has to be sent and will not stop being fired. What is this specific response.
What is all-or-none response?
The eye is made of many parts. This part is an adjustable opening. It is what allows light in and how much light can reach the back of the eye to be processed.
What is the pupil?
This famous psychologist worked on ideas of classical conditioning. He did an experiment with dogs and salivation. He conditioned the dogs to salivate when they heard a bell after making it a stimulus with their food.
Who is Ivan Pavlov?
This is a type of problem solving that is a step by step process. This process can be useful when accuracy is necessary or when you have multiple problems that are all similar so having a process of procedures would be helpful.
What is an algorithm?
In an experiment testing medicine there is often a group that receives a placebo rather than the real treatment. The procedure when both the experimenter and participant do not know who received the treatment or placebo.
What is a double-blind procedure?
The brain can be damaged with injury and it is important to avoid injury. However when injury occurs and certain areas of the brain are damaged the brain compensates and works hard to make up for these areas damaged. This is the brains ability to change.
What is plasticity?
There are specialized neurons that treat to certain stimuli and respond to shapes, angles, edges, lines, and movement that we can see.
What are feature detectors?
This law was created based on experiments of cats in puzzle boxes. The cats had to solve the puzzle to get out. This showed that certain actions can be followed by a desired outcome and the actions that cause this outcome are more likely to be repeated.
What is Thorndike's Law of Effect?
In language there are different units that make up sentences and phrases in the end. The smallest form of language with meaning. Consist of sounds like "un" "ship" "be"
What is a morpheme?
When looking at the relationship between variables there are many things you can measure. A statistical number that shows this relationship and correlation.
What is a correlation coefficient?
Twins can be born from the same egg that was split or different eggs. When they are from the same egg the children are the same gender and identical. This is what type of twin
What is monozygotic twins (identical)?
The loudness of sounds can be measured. The loudness is called amplitude and it is the height of a sound wave. The number scale that measures amplitude is:
What is a decibel?
This reaction occurs when certain food is avoided because of a period of illness that occurred after eating this food. An experiment on rats with poison showed this effect.
What is taste aversion?
There are many theories of multiple intelligences. In this theory the different types of intelligence are practical, analytical, and creative intelligence. All of these are used for specific reasons like problem solving or every day task.
What is Sternberg's Triarchic Theory of Intelligence?
When an experiment is being approved there are many things that have to be looked at including ethics based on guidelines and principles. The board that determines whether the experiments are ethical or not.
What is the IRB?
Sigmund Freud had many contributions to psychology including ideas about dreams. These ideas were that dreams have underlying meanings based on certain objects and trends.
What is latent content?
We hear things with different parts in our ears. There are many ideas with how the sound is distinguished in our ear and sensed. This theory explains how we hear higher pitched sounds at a certain frequency. The psychologist Hermann von Helmholtz came up with these ideas.
What is place theory?
This psychologist worked with dogs and learned helplessness. He used a box with electrifying floor to shock the dogs when they were on a certain side of the box. Eventually the dogs stopped trying to get out which shows learned helplessness.
Who is Martin Seligman?
When testing there are 3 principles to make sure a test will work and test what it is supposed to. With these rules test like the SAT and WAIS all test exactly what they need to because they follow these 3 rules.
What is standardization, validity, and reliability?