1.1-1.5
What are the differences between Nature and Nurture
Nature: Genetics
Nurture: Everything else
How many Senses do we have?
5
Vision, Audition, Touch, Olfaction, Gustation
Change Blindness
Fleeting Iconic Memory
Reflexes
Sucking, Rooting, Grasp. Babinski, Moro, Tonic Neck, Stepping
Classical Conditioning: Pavlov's Experiment
pairing food with a bell caused the dog to salivate= Association/Acquisition
Somatic vs Autonomic
Somatic:CNS send signal to body to move
Autonomic:Regulates involuntary functions
Organizing and interpreting
2 types of Retrieval
Recognition: To recognize something by the clues that have been given
Recall: the process of retrieving and reproducing previously stored information from memory
Identities
A sense of who we are. Informed by biological and social factor
Elements of Classical Conditioning
Unconditioned Stimulus: Any stimulus that will always and naturally Elicit a response
Unconditioned Response: Any response that always and naturally occurs at the presentation of the US
What are the differences between Sensory and Motor
Sensory: different for different sense
Motor: connect to all of our muscle
Concept vs Prototype
Concept: mental grouping based on shared features and comes from experience
Prototype: idea example of any given concept
Type of Amnesia
Infantile: Cannot remember before age 5
Source: difficulty in remembering where you learned something
Anterograde: difficulty encoding/inability to encode new memories
Psychogenic: an event to blocks/prevent retrieval of old memories
Retrograde
Piaget'ss Theory of Cognitive Development
Continuity: development that involves gradual changes in behaviors and thought processes.
Discontinuity: development involves distinct shifts in behaviors and thought process
After Conditioning
Conditioned Stimulus: After association with a USC, causes a conditioned response when present to a subject by itself.
Conditioned Response: Any response that occurs upon the presentation of the CS
The limbic system involved in this function includes
emotion. memory, integration of sensory info, and motivation
Types of memories
Explicit Memories: Episodic, Semantic, and Prospective
Implicit Memories: Procedural, Classically conditioned responses, and Primed responses
Lewis Terman
Revised and standardized Binet's ideas of comparing mental age and chronological age.
Crystalized Intelligence vs Fluid Intelligence
Crystalized Intelligence: The aspect of general intelligence(g), consisting of the knowledge, facts, information, and verbal skills acquired throughout life.
Fluid Intelligence: The aspect of general intelligence, consisting of the capacity to reason quickly and abstractly
Like phobias, can emotional reaction could be taught
What is the four stages of the Sleep Cycle
1. NREM 1
2. NREM 2
3. NREM 3
4. REM
Strategies that improve our encoding of info.
Mnemonic Devices: aids retrieval by connecting new info to something familiar.
Type of Studies
Cross-Sectional Study: compare people of different ages with one another
Longitudinal Study:studies the same people in longer period of time
Development in Friendships
Companionship, Validation, Intimacy, Emotional Support, Social Skills, Assistance/Advice
Additional Element of Classical Conditioning
Generalization
Discrimination
Extinction
Spontaneous Recovery
Higher-order Conditioning