Social Psychology 1
This researcher conducted the famous "line" experiment to illustrate conformity.
Solomon Asch
In committing this, we underestimate the influence of a situation on other's actions.
Fundamental attribution error
This theory suggests that behavior is motivated by the desire to reduce physiological drives.
Drive-reduction theory
An event that threatens or challenges us.
Stressor
What are the stable, enduring characteristics that influence behavior and which make up personality?
Traits
Proximity breeds liking; repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases our liking for them.
Mere exposure effect
Following 9/11, some outraged people lashed out at innocent Arab-Americans. This is the notion of when things go wrong, we find someone else to blame for our anger.
Scapegoat theory
This law explains the relationship between arousal levels and performance, stating that too little or too much arousal can decrease performance. What is this law called?
Yerkes-Dodson Law
A chemical released during the fight or flight stage of stress.
Epinephrine
This defense mechanism involves redirecting emotions or impulses to an easier substitute target. What is it called?
Displacement
The tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request.
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
We conform to avoid rejection, or to gain social approval.
Normative social influence
This hypothesis suggests that facial expressions can influence emotional experience.
Facial feedback
The long term chemical adrenal glands send out when stress doesn't stop.
Cortisol
What are the five major traits in the Big Five personality model?
Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism
When are we more likely to conform? List three.
When we are incompetent/insecure, in a group of at least 3 people, a group where everyone else agrees, admire the group's status/attractiveness, have not made a prior commitment to any response, are from a culture that strongly encourages respect for social standards.
Tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable.
Social loafing
What is the term for emotions that are believed to be experienced across cultures?
Universal emotions
The third stage in the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS).
Exhaustion
Which personality assessment tool is known for measuring traits through factor analysis?
Personality inventories like MMPI and MBTI
An example of this is environmental advocates showing us evidence of rising temperatures, melting glaciers, rising seas and shifts in animal life. This is more thoughtful and less superficial.
Central route persuasion
A generalized belief about a group of people is _________________, which leads us to categorize these people in the _______________, meaning it is us vs. them.
Stereotype; out-group
Who proposed the theory that emphasizes the resolution of conflicts between competing choices, such as approach-approach and avoidance-avoidance.
Kurt Lewin
A famous Harvard University public health study identified this unfortunate personality trait as a factor that doubles the risk of heart disease.
Pessimism
Which test uses ambiguous images to assess personality and emotional functioning?
Projective tests (inkblot, thematic apperception)