Experimental Method
Dr. Jordan believes there is a relationship between the amount of chocolate a child eats and the hyperactivity level of the child. This belief is a(n)
theory
Observing a behavior as it happens outside the laboratory or clinic.
Naturalistic Observation
Luis conducted a study of the attitudes and savings behavior. He followed 100 participants for 10 years. Luis conducted a ________________ study.
longitudinal
Which of the following coefficients of a correlation indicate the weakest relationship between two variables? A. 0.51 B. -0.28 C. 0.08 D. -1.00 E. 1.00
C. 0.08
This can show a cause and effect relationship:
Experiment
In an experiment, the variable that is manipulated is called the _________________variable.
B. independent
TRUE OR FALSE: In accordance with APA ethical guidelines for humans, psychologists must publish all experimental data for anyone who wishes to access?
False - Must remain anonymous
In a normal distribution of scores, approximately what percentage of all scores will occur within one standard deviation from the mean? A. 34 B. 68 C. 95 D. 97.5 E. 100
68
Cory scored high on a test of mathematics. He also scored high on a test of engineering. If we run a correlation on his scores, the correlation would be _______
positive
In a weight-reduction experiment, an overweight individual was given what the researcher called a new type of diet pill that would help curb the desire to eat. In fact, the pill really contained powdered milk, but ever since the individual started taking the diet pill, he has reported that his desire to eat has decreased. This illustrates the
placebo effect
Dexter works for a magazine and is told by his editor to write an article on test scores in the local elementary school. He divides the students into groups based on grade level. He then examines the local test scores. In this study, the dependent variable is the ____________.
test scores of the students
Term that means when each person from each age range, socio economic level, grade.. in random sample has an equal opportunity to be placed in the IV or DV groups.
Stratified Sample
What is the best measure of central tendency when you have extreme outliers? (NOT the mean)
Median
The correlation between two observed variables is -0.84. From this, it can be concluded that
as one variable increases, the other is likely to decrease, showing an inverse relationship
A measure of central tendency for a distribution, represented by the score that occurs more often than any other.
mode
Dr. Bisell conducts an experiment to see whether hunger makes mice run faster through a maze. He randomly assigns 25 mice to a control group or an experimental group. Which might be a confounding variable?
Speed of the mice to begin with, etc....
An example of a bias within surveys is:
participant bias, wording bias, etc.
A set of exact procedures that represent particular variables is called a(n)
operational definition
A researcher determines that the crime rate in a large city fluctuates with the phases of the moon. He concludes that the gravitational pull of the moon influences human behavior. He has committed what error?
He incorrectly inferred causation from correlation.
___________________is the tendency to believe after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it.
hindsight bias
A random sample can best be defined as:
A sample in which each potential participant has an equal chance of being selected
What percentage of data must fall within two standard deviations from the mean?
95%
The simplest measure of variability is
range
An observation that the higher the air temperature, the lower the activity of test animals would be an example of a
negative correlation
A measure of variability that indicates the average difference between the scores and their mean.
standard deviation