Attributions and Perceptions
Explaining behavior based on personality traits rather than circumstances or other external factors is known as what type of attribution?
Dispositional Attribution
As behavior is attributed/linked to personal characteristics
_________ is the act of shifting one's behavior, beliefs, or attitude to match that of a larger group.
Conformity
Includes adjusting behavior to fit in with the norms of a group.
Which defense mechanism involves refusing to accept reality
Denial
Which hormone signals the body to begin eating?
Ghrelin
This hormone tells your body its time to eat.
List the six universal emotions.
Happiness, anger, sadness, surprise, disgust, and fear.
These emotions are seen across cultures
When Sarah gets rejected from a job position she believes it was because the company already found someone for the position. however when she passes another interview she attributes it to her own personal qualifications, disregarding external factors. what bias does Sarah demonstrate?
Self-Serving Bias
As Sarah attributes her failures to external circumstance/factors and her success to internal factors
A group of classmates are introduced to a topic they all initially support. after further discussion and interaction as a group, their support intensifies. What has occurred?
Group polarization
This is seen as group discussion was able to strengthen preexisting opinions among the group
Which hypothesis suggests simple exposure to smiling or positive expression can make a person feel happier?
Facial Feedback Hypothesis
facial feedback can encourage/influence the expression of emotions.
Tory's manager believes she is late for work, her first time, because she has become a lazy worker without considering the car crash that blocked her path to work. What is her manager demonstrating?
Fundamental Attribution Error
As situational factors are underestimated and personality influences are overestimated
Derick is inclined to buy a new sports shoe after seeing a commercial of his favorite basketball player wearing the same ones. What route of persuasion has Derick experienced?
Peripheral route to persuasion
As Derick doesn't consider any facts or logic
A student after getting multiple questions wrong on a test claims the test was made too hard intentionally and the questions were unfair. which defense mechanism does this demonstrate?
Rationalization
As an excuse is being created to prevent disappointment
Susana begins volunteering out of a genuine desire to help people and an enjoyment of helping the community. What type of motivation does she have?
Intrinsic Motivation
This is because the motivation comes from internal satisfaction.
Why can polygraph tests be seen as unreliable measures of emotions?
Because different emotions can produce similar reactions/physiological arousals.
Example: increased heart rate could indicate excitement, nervousness/fear, or anger.
Lexi despite getting a low score on a past test believes she has the ability to improve it with study and practice, allowing her to work hard and improve her grade. Which concept describes her belief?
Internal-Locus of Control
As one believes outcomes are the result of their own actions
Alyssa has anxiety and is usually isolated. when she moves to a new school she therefore avoids talking to her new classmates reinforcing her characteristics. which social cognitive concept explains this interaction?
Reciprocal determinism
an individuals environment, behavior and personal factors(emotions, thoughts) influence and interact with each other.
Joseph is presented with a dream job opportunity however it requires him leaving his home town and moving away from his close family and friends. What type of conflict is Joseph currently faced with?
Approach-Avoidance Conflict
This type of conflict is seen as he is given a choice that comes with both positive and negative aspects to it.
After taking a personality inventory assessment a person shows high scores in extraversion and conscientiousness. What are 3 likely characteristics this individuals likely demonstrates?
Example answers are: energetic, outgoing, responsible, disciplined, social, organized, and reliable.
A student has a major upcoming exam. According to the Yerkes-Dodson Law would a student be more likely to perform better on a difficult and important exam with very high arousal levels, very low arousal, or moderate arousal?
Moderate arousal
This is because, according to the law, larger tasks require lower levels of arousal for optimal performance. In this case, moderate arousal is sufficient in order to ensure the student remains focused and engaged.