Module 16
What is the term that describes our biological clock or regular bodily rhythms that occur on a 24-hour cycle?
Circadian Rhythm
What is the name of the sleep disorder characterized by ongoing difficulty falling or staying asleep?
Insomnia
What are the three major categories of psychoactive drugs?
Depressants, Stimulants, and Hallucinogens
What is the name for our subjective awareness of ourselves and our environment?
Consciousness
90 minutes
During which stage of sleep do vivid dreams commonly occur?
REM (Rapid Eye Movement) Sleep
What is the name of the sleep disorder characterized by sudden attacks of overwhelming sleepiness?
Narcolepsy
Which of the three major types of psychoactive drugs excites neural activity and speeds up body functions?
Stimulants
What is the name for a suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized, used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors?
Posthypnotic Suggestion
What is the name for the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state?
Alpha waves
What is the name for the large, slow brain waves associated with the deep sleep of the NREM-3 stage of the sleep cycle?
Delta Waves
What is the name of the sleep disorder characterized by repeatedly stopping breathing while sleeping?
Sleep Apnea
Which stimulant causes high energy, emotional elation, dehydration, and damage to serotonin-producing neurons?
Ecstasy (or MDMA)
TRUE OR FALSE: Hypnosis enhances recall of forgotten events.
False
What is the term used to describe the tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation?
REM rebound
Shortly after falling asleep, James experiences the hypnagogic sensation of falling. In which stage of sleep is James most likely in?
NREM-1
Which dream theory argues that dreams help us sort out the day's events and consolidate our memories?
Information-Processing Theory or Information-Processing Perspective
Which specific psychoactive drug increases the likelihood that we will act on our impulses, whether harmful or helpful. It also impairs judgment by slowing neural processing.
Alcohol
What is the term most closely associated with the split in consciousness that allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others?
Dissociation
According to Freud, the symbolic remembered story line of a dream is referred to as what?
Manifest Content
What is the name for a pair of cell clusters in the hypothalamus that controls circadian rhythm?
The Suprachiasmatic Nucleus (SCN)
Name four possible negative consequences of sleep deprivation.
Answers may include:
fatigue, irritability, impaired concentration, weight gain, reduced muscle strength, suppressed immune system, depression, joint pain, impaired memory consolidation, impaired productivity
After taking a psychoactive drug for many years, Carl stops taking it. He finds withdrawal to be physically painful, because the drug that he had been taking caused his brain to stop producing its own endorphins. Which drug was he taking?
Heroin
Which of the following is most likely to happen under hypnosis?
A. A person will remember a traumatic event from their past that they had forgotten.
B. An adult will regress to acting exactly like they did as a child.
C. A person may be unable to report their grandmother's name if asked to forget it.
D. An eyewitness to a crime will give a vivid and accurate description of events that they had forgotten.
E. A person will become less open to suggestions.
C. A person may be unable to report their grandmother's name if asked to forget it.
According to Freud, this is the term for the underlying meaning of a dream.
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