vocab
vocab
types of memory
vocab
vocab
100

the persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information.

what is memory?

100

the processing of information into the memory system-for example, by extracting meaning.

what is encoding?

100

the relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system. Includes knowledge, skills, and experiences

what is long-term memory?

100

the retention of encoded information over time

what is storage?

100

the process of getting information out of memory storage

what is retrieval?

200

a clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event

what is Flashbulb memory?

200

encoding that requires attention and conscious effort

what is Effortful processing?

200

the immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system

what is Sensory memory?

200

our tendency to recall best the last and first items in a list

what is the serial position effect?

200

the encoding of picture images

what is visual encoding?

300

the tendency for distributed study or practice to yield better long-term retention than is achieved through massed study or practice

what is the spacing effect?

300

unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time, and frequency, and of well-learned information, such as word meanings

what is Automatic processing?

300

photographic memory, the ability to recall images, sounds, or objects in memory with extreme precision.

what is Eidetic memory?

300

the conscious repetition of information, either to maintain it in consciousness or to encode it for storage

what is Rehearsal?

300

the process of repeatedly verbalizing or thinking about a piece of information. Increases time info can stay in short term memory

what is Maintenance rehearsal?

400

a memory technique that involves thinking about the meaning of the term to be remembered, as opposed to simply repeating the word to yourself over and over.

what is Elaborative rehearsal?

400

mental pictures; a powerful aid to effortful processing, especially when combined with the semantic encoding

what is imagery? 

400

activated memory that holds a few items briefly, such as the seven digits of a phone number while dialing, before the information is stored or forgotten

what is short-term memory?

400

organizing items into familiar, manageable units; often occurs automatically

what is chunking?

400

a momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli; a photographic or picture-image memory lasting no more than a few tenths of a second

what is iconic memory?

500

in psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories

what is repression?

500

an increase in a synapse's firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation. Believed to be a neural basis for learning and memory

what is Long-term potentiation (LTP?

500

a newer understanding of short-term memory that focuses on conscious, active processing of incoming auditory and visual-spatial information, and of information retrieved from long-term memory

what is working memory?

500

a momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli; if attention is elsewhere, sounds and words can still be recalled within 3 or 4 seconds

what is Echoic memory?

500

incorporating misleading information into one's memory of an event

what is Misinformation effect?