Quantum Rules & Numbers
This quantum number represents the shape of an orbital subshell and ranges from 0 to n-1
angular momentum quantum number (l)
In the wave equation c=νλ, as wavelength decreases, this property increases.
frequency
This process occurs when an electron absorbs energy and moves from a lower energy level to a higher energy level.
absorption which is also known as excitation
The full electron configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 belongs to this noble gas.
Argon
On a standard PES graph, peak height corresponds directly to this quantity.
# of electrons in a subshell
A set of quantum numbers with n=3, l=3, ml=2, and ms=0 is impossible for what two reasons?
l cannot equal n
ms cannot be 0
If Photon A has a wavelength of lambda and Photon B has a wavelength of 1/2lambda, Photon B has this much energy relative to Photon A.
When an electron falls from a higher energy level to a lower energy level, a photon is emitted with energy equal to the energy difference.
emission
Atomic size decreases across a period from left to right due to an increase in this nuclear force.
Effective Nuclear Charge
The element whose PES spectrum ends with the full valence configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6
Kr
What are the four quantum numbers?
n, l, ml, ms
Calculate the wavelength, in nanometers, of light with a frequency of 4.00 x 1014 Hz
750 nm
Between the transitions n=1 -> n=3 and n=2 -> n=3, this transition requires the addition of the most energy
n=1 to n=3
Although 7s orbitals are in the 7th period, these d orbitals are located in the 4th period of the periodic table.
3d
On a PES graph x-axis, the slashed lines indicate a break or change in scale between these structures
energy levels
What is the maximum number of electrons each subshell can hold?
s-2
p-6
d-10
f-14
What two constants do we use when calculating light wavelength and energy?
c and h
Between n=5 -> n=3 and n=5 -> n=1, this transition results in the emission of the most energy
n=5 to n=1
Aluminum has a lower first ionization energy than magnesium because aluminum's outermost electron sits in this subshell.
3p subshell
If you sketch the PES graph for Mg1+, you would modify the neutral Mg graph by making this change to the 3s peak.
have one less electron (cut it in half)
The rule stating that electrons fill degenerate orbitals singly before pairing up explains why an Iron (Fe) atom contains this many unpaired electrons.
4
High frequency -> _____ wavelengths -> ____ energy
short, high
This level in an atom requires the most energy for an electron to jump away from because it is closest to the nucleus
n = 1
Between Arsenic (As), Silicon (Si), Iron (Fe), and Chlorine (Cl), this element contains the greatest total number of p electrons.
As
The outermost electrons of an atom appear on this side of a PES graph where ionization energy is lowest.
right side of the periodic table