Elements
a reference to a person, event, statement, or work that enriches the meaning of a work
allusion
The Great Gatsby
F. Scott Fitzgerald
occurred in the 1920s when African Americans moved from the southern state to northern cities and brought their culture and art
Harlem Renaissance
Petrarchan or Shakespearean
sonnet
occurs when the reader knows more than a character
dramatic irony
something man made that represents something else like the Star of David or a cross
conventional symbol
The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark
William Shakespeare
These poets glorified nature, the individual's potential, and imagination in the 19th century.
Romantic Poetry
when one thought continues from one line or stanza to another
enjambment
when the opposite of what you think will occur happens
situational irony
harsh, unpleasant, or discordant sounds in writing
cacophony
Crime and Punishment
Fyodor Dostoevsky
The Symbolists
a grammatical pause in the middle of a line of poetry marked with punctuation
caesura
writing with a surface level meaning and a deeper hidden level of meaning
allegory
a statement that seems self-contradictory on the surface but upon a closer examination may prove an underlying truth
paradox
A Separate Peace
John Knowles
These post WWI poets were disgruntled with the new world and what little it had to offer them.
Modernists
directly addressing an object or person that is not present
apostrophe
repetition of vowel sounds in successive words
assonance
a rhetorical element involving the deliberate omission of conjunctions to make a memorable statement
asyndeton
A Doll's House
Henrik Ibsen
These highly intelligent poets, not liked by their audience, used irony, paradox, and wit in their poems.
Metaphysical Poets
a sad poem that laments the death of a person
elegy
a character who represents a stereotype like the "nagging wife" or the "dumb jock"
stock character