The Basics
This term refers to the entire group or set of individuals or objects that we want to study.
What is the population?
The probability of an event always falls between these two values.
What are 0 and 1?
The type of significance test used for the mean of a single population when the standard deviation of the population is unknown.
What is a T test?
a subset of individuals (a sample) chosen from a larger set (a population) in which a subset of individuals are chosen randomly, all with the same probability.
what is SRS?
is a shorthand used to remember the percentage of values that lie within an interval estimate in a normal distribution: 68%, 95%, and 99.7% of the values lie within one, two, and three standard deviations of the mean, respectively.
hat is the empirical rule?
This measure of central tendency represents the middle value in a dataset when arranged in ascending order.
What is the median?
The probability of two independent events occurring together is calculated by multiplying these two probabilities.
What is the product rule?
In hypothesis testing, this type of hypothesis is assumed to be true until there is sufficient evidence to reject it.
What is the null hypothesis?
researchers divide subjects into subgroups called strata based on characteristics that they share
What is stratified sampling?
is the number of independent pieces of information used to calculate a statistic. It’s calculated as the sample size minus the number of restrictions.
what is Degree of freedom
In statistics, this term refers to the likelihood of a particular event occurring.
What is probability?
Events that have no outcomes in common and can never occur simultaneously, for which the addition rule is used.
What are disjoint events (or mutually exclusive events)?
allows us to determine whether a hypothesized distribution for a single categorical variable is valid.
what is chi-square goodness of fit test?
is a probability sampling method in which you divide a population into clusters, such as districts or schools, and then randomly select some of these clusters as your sample
What is cluster sampling?
is a mathematical method for evaluating how well a model fits the data it was generated from.
what is Akaike information criterion?
This graphical representation shows the distribution of a dataset using a rectangular bar for each category or value.
What is a bar graph or histogram?
This rule in probability states that the probability of the union of two events is equal to the sum of their individual probabilities minus the probability of their intersection.
What is the addition rule?
allows us to determine whether the distribution for several categorical variables across two or more populations is valid
what is chi-square test of homogeneity?
is a statistical error that occurs when an analyst does not select a sample that represents the entire population of data
what is a A sampling error
is the range of values that you expect your estimate to fall between a certain percentage of the time if you run your experiment again or re-sample the population in the same way.
what is confidence interval?
This term refers to the measure of the average distance between each data point and the mean of a dataset.
What is standard deviation?
This term refers to the likelihood of two events occurring together, given that they are dependent on each other.
What is joint probability?
is a non-probability sampling method where new units are recruited by other units to form part of the sample.
what is Snowball sampling?
is a statistical test used to analyze the difference between the means of more than two groups.
what is ANOVA?