Types Of Studies
This type of study observes individuals and measures variables without influencing them
What is an observational study
Every individual has an equal chance of being chosen.
What is a simple random sample (SRS)?
This type of bias occurs when certain groups are left out of the sample.
What is undercoverage?
The group that receives the treatment in an experiment.
What is the treatment group?
The variable that is changed or controlled in an experiment.
What is the explanatory variable?
This method applies a treatment and measures the outcome.
What is an experiment?
The population is divided into groups, and a random sample is taken from each group.
What is a stratified random sample?
People with strong opinions are more likely to respond, leading to this bias.
What is voluntary response bias?
The group that receives no treatment or a placebo.
What is the control group?
The variable that is measured in an experiment.
What is the response variable?
In this method, data is gathered by asking questions.
What is a survey?
The population is split into groups, and entire groups are randomly selected.
What is a cluster sample?
When the behavior of the interviewer affects the participant’s answers.
What is response bias?
Subjects and researchers don’t know which group they're in.
What is a double-blind experiment?
Giving participants an inactive treatment to compare effects.
What is a placebo?
This kind of study follows participants into the future.
What is a prospective study?
Every nth person is selected from a list.
What is a systematic sample?
Questions that are worded in a way that sways responses create this bias.
What is question wording bias?
Dividing subjects into similar groups before random assignment.
What is blocking?
A population divided into subgroups by a shared characteristic.
What is a stratum?
This study compares past records or data for analysis.
What is a retrospective study?
This poor sampling method involves selecting individuals easiest to reach.
What is a convenience sample?
A student survey in class misses kids who are absent. What kind of bias is this an example of?
What is nonresponse bias?
A variable other than the explanatory variable that may influence the response.
What is a confounding variable?
This type of variable is not controlled but affects both the explanatory and response variables.
What is a lurking variable?