Only
These are small airways that lack supportive cartilage.
Bronchioles
This region of the pharynx contains the tonsils.
Oropharynx
This structure of the larynx prevents food from entering the airway.
Vestibular folds
Where are the inspiratory and expiratory centers located?
Medulla
Most of the body's water resides here.
Within (inside) cells
This is the main electrolyte of extracellular fluid.
Sodium
This is the normal pH range of blood and tissue fluid.
7.35-7.45
Hyperventilation causes this acid-base imbalance.
Respiratory alkalosis
This is labored or difficult breathing.
Dyspnea
This is the temporary cessation of breathing.
Apnea
This electrolyte imbalance can lead to muscle spasms or tetany if not treated.
Hypocalcemia
This fluid in the lungs reduces surface tension to keep the alveoli from collapsing during expiration.
Surfactant
This is the main muscle responsible for pulmonary ventilation.
Diaphragm
This is the amount of air inhaled using maximum effort after a normal inspiration.
Inspiratory reserve volume
This part of the brain participates in the regulation of fluid intake and output.
Hypothalamus
This hormone prompts the collecting ducts of the kidneys to reabsorb more water and produce less urine.
ADH (antidiuretic hormone)
You would expect to see this electrolyte imbalance in a patient with chronic diarrhea.
Hypokalemia
Maintaining the body's normal pH range depends on a precise ratio of these two substances.
Bicarbonate ions and carbonic acid
This is air in the pleural space
Pneumothorax
What are the two categories of buffers in the body that keep acids and bases in balance?
Chemical buffers and PHYSIOLOGICAL buffers
This electrolyte imbalance can lead to muscle weakness, depressed reflexes, and cardiac arrhythmias.
Hypokalemia
This is the most likely location for an aspirated piece of food to become lodged because of it's slightly wider and more vertical size.
Right bronchus
This center in the brain inhibits the apneustic and inspiratory centers to prevent overinflation of the lungs.
Pneumotaxic center
This buffer system actually expels H+ ions from the body.
Renal system
This is the body's initial response to compensate for metabolic acidosis.
Increased respiratory rate