Sleep Stages
What are the four stages of sleep?
Stage 1 (NREM) (Non-Rapid Eye Movement)
Stage 2 (NREM)Stage 3 (NREM)
Stage 4 (REM)REM (Rapid Eye Movement)
What stage of sleep does dreaming occur the most?
Rapid Eye Movement (REM)
What is "Audition"?
our sense of hearing.
What is the cornea?
The eyes outer protective layer
Name 4 out of the 6 taste sensations
Sour, Sweet, Bitter, Salty, Umami
What is our circadian Rhythm?
our biological clock that regulates our mood, temperature, and arousal.
What are two reasons for dreaming?
Wish-Fulfillment
Information Processing
Activation Synthesis
Physiological Function
Cognition
What is "Sound Localization"?
sounds that reach one ear faster than the other ear cause us to localize the sound, or determine the direction of the sound’s source.
What does the Pupil do?
Adjustable opening of the eye, that allows light to pass through
What does sensory adaptation do?
Our body becomes less sensitive to an unchanging stimulus
A healthy adult enters REM sleep in what way?
After going through the NREM sleep stages
Dreams being converted to long term memory is an example of...
Memory Consolidation Theory
What is "Frequency"?
Frequency is the highness or lowness of a tone, measured in hertz (Hz).
Rods in an eye are responsible for________________. Cones in an eye are responsible for ________________.
Black, white, gray colors
color/daylight vision
What is Gate- Control Theory of Pain?
pain signals can be blocked or modified by the spinal cord before it reaches the brain.
REM Rebound happens when?
When a person does not spend enough time in REM sleep
What is Manifest Content? What is Latent Content?
Manifest Content: What we remember in a dream. (after waking up)
Latent Content: The hidden meaning of the dream.
How does the process of "Olfaction" work?
the detection of chemicals in the air by specialized receptors in the nose, which then send signals to the brain.
What is accommodation?
The process of the eye focusing images.
What are the 3 steps of the transduction process?
receiving sensory stimulation, transforming it into neural impulses, delivering those impulses to the brain for interpretation.
What is Sleep Apnea?
Temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep and repeated awakenings
What does 'Activation Synthesis' say about dreaming?
Dreams are merely the result of neural activity during sleep, which our brain crafts into a narrative.
Why dreams sometimes make no sense
How is our sense of hearing impacted by high frequency sounds?
High frequency sounds create more movement among hair cells, overworking the cells and can cause them to decay faster.
What is Opponent Process Theory?
states that colors are perceived in pairs, such as red-green and blue-yellow, where the activation of one color inhibits the perception of its opposite.
Explain Sensory Interaction and give the two main senses that interaction with eachother.
Sensory interaction refers to the ability of one sense to influence or interact with another. Two senses that commonly interact with each other are taste and smell.