Skeletal
Physiology
Physiology
What is the function of red bone marrow?
Produce blood cells and platelets
What bones are pictured here?
Parietal, frontal, temporal, zygomatic, mandible
What is Rickets?
Bone disease prominent in children; due to lack of vitamin D
What does ACh stand for?
Acetylcholine
Name the three hamstring muscles.
Semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris
How does the skeleton assist in producing movement?
Muscles attach to bones. Bones are what muscles move to produce body movement. Bones are light enough that muscles can move them.
What bone is pictured here?
tibia
What is rheumatoid arthritis?
An autoimmune disease that makes the affected joints swollen and painful
What is a motor unit?
One motor neuron + multiple muscle fibers.
Name the four rotator cuff muscles
Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, teres minor
Describe longitudinal growth.
Cartilage within the epiphyseal plates begins to replicate. The side of the epiphyseal plate closest to the diaphysis begins to solidify and bone is created, allowing bone to lengthen.
Describe primary vs secondary teeth.
Primary (baby teeth) - 20 total. First set of teeth
Secondary (adult teeth) 32 total
What is a greenstick fracture?
Common in children. The bone bends. Also called an incomplete fracture
What is a muscle insertion?
The distal attachment, attached to more moveable end
The _________________ muscle acts to shrug the shoulders.
upper trapezius
What is ossification?
The process of bone formation. By way of osteoblasts and osteoclasts
Identify the bones in this picture.
Sacrum, coccyx, ilium, ishium, pubis
What is a sprain?
Wrenching/tearing of a ligament
What movements can the shoulder perform?
Abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, rotation
What muscles are pictured here?
tensor fascia latae, gluteus maximus (plus iliotibial band)
What is the name for a bone cell?
osteocyte
What are the sections of the vertebral column? How many vertebrae per section?
Cervical - 7
Thoracic - 12
Lumbar - 5
Sacrum - 5 (fused)
Coccyx - 4 (fused)
What is a compound fracture?
AKA an open fracture. Bone is broken and is sticking out of the skin
To bend. Decreasing the angle of a joint
What muscles are pictured here?
Gastrocnemius & soleus