Vocab
difference in concentration
gradient
what is the charge of an atom with 11 protons and 10 electrons
+1
which kind of bond shares electrons, and which kind of bond transfers electrons
covalent bonds share electrons, ionic bonds transfer them
define homeostasis
the maintenance of the body's internal environment
what's the strongest type of atomic bond
covalent
charged particle
ion
true or false: a cation is positively charged
explain monomer vs polymer
a monomer is a single unit and a polymer is repeating units OF a monomer. Polymers are made of a string of monomers
true or false: homeostasis keeps bodily variables at an exact value
false, it keeps them within a range (narrowness depends on the variable)
is blood acidic or basic (bonus points for exact pH range)
slightly basic (7.35-7.45)
Which substance would MOST likely dissolve in water?
hydrophobic, hydrophilic, nonpolar, or lipid
hydrophilic
If an atom loses electrons, it becomes...
protein function follows/is based on its...
structure
why are positive and negative feedback called loops
because they alter the original changes (substance, hormone, variable) that triggered them
list 3 types of gradients
concentration, electrical, thermal
movement from high to low concentration
diffusion
ions move based on...
gradients
Which of the following types of bonds/molecules will interact with water:
polar, non polar, hydrophilic, hydrophobic
polar and hydrophilic
what are the three parts of a negative feedback loop
receptor, integrating/control center, and effector
attraction between opposite charges on ions form a compound called a ....
salt
substance that forms ions
electrolyte
what two functions do ions perform in cells (why are they important)
movement and signaling
which of the following would most easily cross a cell membrane
ion, polar molecule, nonpolar molecule, large protein
nonpolar molecule
explain positive vs negative feedback loops
Negative feedback is when a change is sensed in the body that takes it outside its normal range, and action is taken to correct it and bring it back to normal (most body processes). Positive feedback is self-amplifying, and changes in normal function will trigger further change in the same direction, which will continue until the stimulus that began the cycle is removed (childbirth, blood clotting)
what are the 5 vital properties of water (I'll give partial credit)
solvency, cohesion, adhesion, chemical reactivity, thermal stability