This transformation replaced handmade goods with machines.
What was the Industrial Revolution?
This Italian leader helped unify Italy through military action.
Who was Giuseppe Garibaldi?
U.S. naval officer who forced Japan to open trade.
Who was Commodore Matthew Perry?
First U.S. president, set the standard, then dipped after two terms.
Who was George Washington?
French general who crowned himself emperor because why not.
Who was Napoleon Bonaparte?
Philosopher who argued workers were being exploited under capitalism.
Who was Karl Marx?
This German leader used “blood and iron” to unify Germany.
Who was Otto von Bismarck?
This agreement ended the Opium War and favored Britain heavily.
What was the Treaty of Nanjing?
This document laid out how the U.S. government works and who gets what power.
What is the Constitution of the United States?
This meeting tried to restore order in Europe after Napoleon lost.
What was the Congress of Vienna?
This thinker supported individual liberty and gradual reform.
Who was John Stuart Mill?
This failed German meeting tried to create a liberal constitution.
What was the Frankfurt Assembly?
This massive Chinese rebellion caused millions of deaths.
What was the Taiping Rebellion?
Native American leader who allied with the British during the American Revolution.
Who was Joseph Brant?
Napoleon’s final defeat that sent him into permanent exile.
What was the Battle of Waterloo?
This scientist introduced evolution and natural selection.
Who was Charles Darwin?
This Russian ruler freed the serfs in 1861.
Who was Tsar Alexander II?
This Japanese movement modernized the country fast.
What was the Meiji Restoration?
This revolution inspired others globally, especially in France and Latin America.
What was the American Revolution?
Napoleon’s reforms spread ideas like equality under the law across Europe.
What was the Napoleonic Code?
This conflict showed industrial war was messy, deadly, and poorly planned.
What was the Crimean War?
This official decree ended serfdom in Russia.
What was the Emancipation Edict?
Anti-foreign uprising in China that targeted missionaries and foreigners.
What was the Boxer Rebellion?
This leader warned against political parties but created a whole vibe anyway.
Who was George Washington?
This leader was Napoleon’s nephew and ruled France later in the 1800s.
Who was Louis Napoleon?