Government
The European power that conquered Mexico and Peru, among other places
What is SPAIN?
The exchange of crops, animals, natural resources, and diseases between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres
What is the COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE?
This event led to a split between Catholic and Protestant churches.
What is the REFORMATION?
What is the COMPASS?
A powerful state with an effective central government which used high-tech weaponry to conquer its neighbors
What is a GUNPOWDER EMPIRE?
A large farmland estate that produces cash crops, often using enslaved labor
What is a PLANTATION?
The main religion of the Russian Empire, used to legitimize the rule of the Tzars
What is ORTHODOX CHRISTIANITY?
Even with the best navigational instruments, sailors needed to know this skill to avoid getting lost
What is MATHEMATICS?
A corps of slaves trained as elite soldiers and administrators, recruited from the Ottoman Empire's Christian population
What are the JANISSARIES?
What is CHOCOLATE/COCOA?
The European monk whose criticisms of the Catholic church hierarchy led to a split in Christianity and many wars of religion
Who is MARTIN LUTHER?
An improved ship type that could sail fast and with a small crew, often used by Spanish and Portuguese explorers on their journeys
What is a CARAVEL?
Empires utilized this to collect taxes, enforce laws, maintain control over their territory, and pay their soldiers
What is BUREAUCRACY?
A sweet crop native to Asia which was grown on many plantations in the Caribbean islands
What is SUGAR/SUGARCANE?
The branch of Islam followed by the Safavid Empire, leading to conflict with their neighbor, the Ottoman Empire
What is SHI'A ISLAM?
This advanced weapon made old fortifications (like castles or city walls) obsolete, helping aggressive empires expand
What is the CANNON?
Effective rule, sponsoring artworks and monuments, or showing off their religious virtue were all ways that rulers might prove this.
What is LEGITIMACY?
What are the THREE SISTERS?
A new religion which arose in northwest India under Mughal rule, blending elements of Hinduism and Islam
What is SIKHISM?
As maritime empires expanded, this type of organization helped them raise money to settle more colonies
What is a JOINT-STOCK COMPANY?