Unit 1
a fast-growing and drought-resistant rice, originating in present day Vietnam.
What is Champa Rice?
a flat, movable piece, typically located at the rear of a boat or aircraft, used for steering and controlling direction.
What is a rudder
an empire that rose to prominence by effectively using gunpowder-based weapons and technology in warfare.
What is a Gunpowder Empire?
originally created in China, was a tool that used a needle to show where north was
What is the Magnetic Compass?
a period of major economic and technological change in the late 18th and 19th centuries. It involved the transition from manual and agrarian labor to machine-based manufacturing, leading to urbanization, increased production, and significant societal shifts.
What is the Industrial Revolution?
an exam that tested knowledge and skills to select officials for government positions during the Song Dynasty
What is the Civil Service Exam?
an early form of Chinese paper money developed during the Tang Dynasty (618–907 AD). It was lightweight, portable, and served as a convenient medium of exchange, particularly for long-distance trade.
What is flying cash
the third ruler of the Mughal Empire in India and was known for his military conquests, administrative reforms, cultural achievements, and promotion of religious tolerance.
Who was Akbar?
an Italian explorer who is famous for his voyages across the Atlantic Ocean in the late 15th century.
Who is Christopher Columbus?
a farming practice where different crops are planted in the same area in sequential seasons or years. The purpose is to improve soil fertility, reduce pests and diseases, and enhance overall crop yield
What is Crop Rotation?
the prophet and founder of Islam, who received revelations from God that became the Quran
Who is Muhammad
a network of ancient trade routes that connected the East and West, facilitating the exchange of goods, culture, and ideas between regions of Asia, the Middle East, Africa, and Europe.
What is the Silk Road?
the belief that a monarch's authority comes directly from God, making their rule absolute and unquestionable.
What is the Divine Right of Kings?
sailed around the southern tip of Africa, the Cape of Good Hope, in 1488 into waters his crew did not know. Diaz feared a mutiny if he continued pushing eastward, so he returned home
Who is Bartholomew Diaz?
an intellectual and cultural movement that emerged in Europe during the late 17th and 18th centuries. It emphasized reason, science, individual rights, and skepticism of traditional authority.
What is the Enlightment?
a key conflict where Frankish leader Charles Martel stopped an invading Muslim army in France. This battle is often seen as a turning point in preventing further Islamic expansion into Western Europe.
What is the Battle of Tours
the founder and leader of the Mongol Empire, the largest contiguous empire in history, known for his military conquests and administrative reforms.
Who is Genghis Khan?
a system in the Ottoman Empire where Christian boys from conquered territories were taken, converted to Islam, and trained to serve in the military or bureaucracy.
What is Devshirme?
the widespread exchange of animals, crops, and disease between the Americas and the Old World (Europe, Africa, and Asia) following the voyages of Christopher Columbus in the late 15th century
What is the Columbian Exchange?
an English philosopher known for his ideas on natural rights, the social contract, and limited government. He argued that individuals have inherent rights to life, liberty, and property, and governments exist to protect these rights based on the consent of the governed.
Who is John Locke
A = During the Song Dynasty in China (960-1279), one significant economic development from 1200 to 1450 was the expansion of trade and commerce.
C = Compared to before, during the Song Dynasty, people started trading more. They built a big waterway called the Grand Canal, like a watery road, which made it easier to move things around.
E = This helped create busy marketplaces in cities where people could buy and sell things.
A = The lateen sail and the astrolabe were influential advances in technology in the Indian Ocean trade routes because it improved maneuverability and navigation
C = Compared to traditional square sails, Lateen Sail's triangular design allowed ships to sail efficiently against the wind, enhancing maneuverability in the unpredictable Indian Ocean winds. This increased efficiency facilitated faster and more reliable maritime travel.
E =The Astrolabe revolutionized navigation on the Indian Ocean trade routes by allowing mariners to accurately determine their latitude.
What are three characteristics of an empire?
A = One characteristic of an empire was centralized authority. Empires typically have a centralized government where power is concentrated in a single authority usually led by an emperor or monarch
C = Another characteristic of an empire is wanting to expand. Empires are characterized by extensive territorial expansion, often achieved through conquest, colonization, or annexation
E = Culture and ethnic diversity is another characteristic. Empires typically bring together people from different cultural, ethnic, and linguistic backgrounds.
What was the Columbian Exchange ? Name one positive and negative consequence?
A = The Columbian Exchange is the term used to describe the extensive flow of ideas, technology, plants, animals, and cultural materials between the Old World (Africa, Asia, and Europe) and the New World (the Americas) after Christopher Columbus's expeditions in 1492.
C = The introduction of new crops to various regions of the world was one benefit of the Columbian Exchange. For instance, American crops like maize and potatoes spread throughout Europe, Africa, and Asia and became staple meals. In certain areas, this resulted in population growth, better nutrition, and higher agricultural productivity.
E = One negative consequence was the inadvertent transmission of diseases between the Old World and the New World. Diseases such as smallpox, measles, and influenza from Europe devastated indigenous populations in the Americas, leading to significant demographic decline and societal disruptions. The lack of immunity among Native American populations had a profound and tragic impact on their societies.
What is the difference between skilled and unskilled labor? How would this potentially influence someone's decision to support capitalism or communism?
A = Skilled labor refers to work that requires specialized skills, knowledge, or training.
C = Unskilled labor involves tasks that do not require specialized training or skills.
E = People with specialized skills support capitalism, attracted by its potential for personal success and to make more money for your skill. Meanwhile, those engaged in unskilled labor might find communism appealing, seeking a more equal distribution of resources and opportunities, having them make the same amount of money.