Unit 1 Key terms
"religious scholars whose job was to translate what Muhammad and the other prophets had received into daily life"
"My father was Charles V. I am a strong Catholic and I invaded the Netherlands hoping to bring it under central control and eliminate it's Protestanism."
Who Was Philip II of Spain?
Name of the first successful English colonies in North America
What is Jamestown?
Name of the mongol empire that conquered Keivan Rus in the 13th Century.
Who were the Golden Horde?
Known as “The Conqueror,” His most significant achievement was the conquest of Constantinople in 1453, turning point that ended the Byzantine Empire and established Istanbul as the empire’s capital.
Who was Mehmed II
" the accumulated residue of past actions that clings to the soul and determines the person’s trajectory in the cycle of rebirth."
What is Karma?
"Although not a sea captain myself, my center for learning in Portugal attracted much interest and furthered the cause of exploring the coast of Africa"
Who was Prince Henry the Navigator?
Maize, potatoes, tomoatoes , cacco made their way to the "old world" via this exchange.
What is the Columbian Exchange?
The first ruler to be officially crowned as tsar of all Russia. His reign was marked by aggressive territorial expansion, centralization of power, and autocratic rule.
Who was Ivan IV (Ivan the Terrible)
The Magnificent and The Lawgiver (Ruled 1520–1566)His close relationships included his Greek-born servant and advisor Ibrahim, and Roxelana (Hurrem Sultan), a Ukrainian concubine who became his legal wife and influenced court politics
Who was Suleiman I?
"the “blowing out” or “extinguishing” of the self of the enlightened. Those who achieve it continue to live and act, as the Buddha did, but in a state of perfect contentment and serenity, fully liberated from suffering and delusion and rebirth."
What is Nirvana?
"I ruled the Mali Empire. My pilgrimage to Mecca was a lavish display of my wealth and the value of gold dropped because so much was given away"
Who was Mansa Musa?
Term given to describe the highest-ranking official in New Spain.
"What is viceroy?"
Noble Russian landowners who formed the top social class with significant privileges and political power.
Who were they Boyars?
Name of the system used to maintain control of their vast empire Boys aged 8 to 20 were taken forcibly from Christian families and converted to Islam The most elite formed the Janissary corps, the empire's professional infantry known as “men of the sword.”
What is the devshirme system?
“to follow the way of nature"
What is Dao?
"My telescope was 3X's more powerful than previous instruments revealing more stars. My pamphlet, "The Starry Messenger was banned by the church.
Who was Galileo?
Economic term that stated there was a finite amount of gold and silver so trade was strictly regulated.
What is mercantilism?
Name of the dynasty that took control of Russia in 1613 after a period of political turmoil following the death of Ivan IV in 1584.
What is the Romanov Dynasty?
Islamic scholars and legal experts who often competed with the military aristocracy.
Who were the Ulama?
"the proper way to behave"
What is dharma?
"I conquered the Aztec empire"
Who was Hernan Cortes?
Out of the French, Dutch and English this one would have a short lived presence in North America.
What is the Dutch?
An "enlightened monarch", inspired by Plato’s ideas of a philosopher-king this Ruler of Russia from 1762 to 1796 who was originally a German Protestant born into a noble family and later married to a Russian tzar.
Who was Catherine the Great?
Name of the special tax that Jewish people and Christians had to pay to live in certain parts of the empire.
What is Jizya?