1200-1450
Medieval Europe was governed using this decentralized social, political, and economic system
What is feudalism?
How Europeans' arrival in the Americas affected the native population
What is spread of disease, coerced labor, and warfare
[Great Dying = killed 90% of native pop due to spread of disease]
Theory of "survival of the fittest" applied to society. Used by Europeans to perpetuate racism and European superiority
Social Darwinism
South African system of segregation/discrimination on grounds of race
Apartheid
When food supply increases....
[more food = ....]
Population increases
[... = more people]
Note: this was an effect of the Columbian Exchange, population in China went up when new crops were introduced
Strong, centralized control (like that of the Mongols) caused trade routes to be more or less safe?
More safe
This invention led to an increase in literacy rates
What is Gutenberg's printing press?
The idea that there will be a working class revolution [proletariat] against those who own capital [bourgeoisie] to establish a classless society. Was a response to growing frustration with capitalism.
List the four long term causes of WWI and the event that sparked the war.
Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Why do rulers commission impressive art/architecture?
To show their power and legitimize their rule
Merchants on Trans-Saharan trade routes
What did Peter the Great focus on to modernize Russia and increase his repressive control?
Westernizing Russia
What did western European nations effectively do that led them to be dominant over Africa and Asia?
Industrialized!! Which led to imperialism
Why did the US and USSR avoid direct conflict with one another? What kind of conflicts took place instead?
Fear of Mutually Assured Destruction.
Proxy Wars
The predominant philosophy used to rule China over much of its history; focused on social order and relationships
What is Confucianism?
[note, this was a *continuity* throughout much oc Chinese history]
What were the three major networks of trade during this period?
Trans-Saharan Trade, Silk Roads, Indian Ocean Trade
Ming leaders ended Zheng He's explorations to focus on
Protecting borders from the threat of invaders to the North
Enlightenment thinker John Locke's main ideas
-consent to be governed
-right to rebel if natural rights are denied
-life, liberty, property
The rise of dictatorial leaders in Europe was an effect of
The Great Depression. In periods of peril, people were prone to follow charismatic leaders who made promises of improving things. We begin to see more government involvement in economic policies during this time.
List three examples of resistance to imperialism.
Sepoy Mutiny
Boxer Rebellion
Metacom's War
Pueblo Revolts
etc.
Explain the impact of Arab and Islamic scholars during this period, 1200-1450.
Growth of knowledge- in science, medicine, etc. Furthermore, Arab scholars are credited with carrying over knowledge from Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome.
List three things the Gunpowder Empires had in common
-all founded by nomadic Turkish groups
-all initially dominated by warrior aristocracies
-all Islamic
-all faced challenges from growing power of Western empires
Explain the Castas System and creole frustration in Latin America in the mid 1700s.
Castas System (in order): Peninsulares, Creoles, Mixed Races, Native Americans, Africans
Creoles were upset about their lack of political authority and, as a result, led most revolts against colonial rule.
What two communist leaders targeted their revolutionary ideas toward peasants in order to gain a following?
Ho Chi Minh (Vietnam)
Mao Zedong (China)
List all the Chinese Dynasties :)