The Crusades of Europe were first called by Pope Urban II with the stated goal of taking back this holy city.
What is Jerusalem?
100
This body-altering practice, which began among women in Song China, was deemed both aesthetically pleasing and was viewed as a status symbol.
What is foot-binding?
100
This document, signed by King John of England, included one of the first direct challenges to the authority of monarchs in Europe.
What is the Magna Carta?
100
This type of currency was issues for the first time in the world by the Song dynasty in around 1000.
What is paper money?
100
First developed in China after 1040, this invention was actually not cheaper than the older woodblock printing method but eventually came to have a major influence on the world.
What is movable type?
200
Sunnis and Shi’ites split over a disagreement on who should take on this role, literally “successor” of Muhammad.
What is caliph?
200
The Ottoman Empire created this elite corps of soldiers from captured Christian children who were expected to be celibate and loyal only to the sultan.
Who were the Janissaries?
200
This Frankish leader of the Carolingian dynasty became the Holy Roman Emperor in 800 and united much of Europe.
Who was Charlemagne?
200
This legal and social system in Europe, which lasted from about 1000 to 1400, required serfs to work land in return for protection.
What is feudalism?
200
This Chinese ship was the most advanced ocean-going ship in the world c. 1400.
What is the Chinese junk?
300
The Song dynasty brought about a revival of Confucianism after this previous dynasty had adopted and encouraged the spread of Buddhism.
What is the Tang dynasty?
300
This language group had spread across much of sub-Saharan Africa by 1000 CE.
What is Bantu?
300
The Mongol leader Khubilai Khan founded this dynasty in China.
What is the Yuan dynasty?
300
Mansa Musa, who made a famous voyage to Mecca, was one of the most wealthy leaders of this African kingdom along the trans-Saharan trade routes
What is Mali?
300
The Mongol Empire established this institution of fixed routes with regular stops where messengers could eat and get fresh horses.
What is the postal relay system?
400
This dispute divided the Roman Catholic Church from the Eastern Orthodox Church, over issues such as the use of icons, priestly celibacy, the authority of the pope, etc.
What is the schism of 1054?
400
These Mongol religious specialists were believed to be able to intercede with and interpret the will of the gods.
What are shamans?
400
This leader of the Byzantine Empire commissioned one of the most important legal works ever written, which gathered and simplified Roman law.
Who was Justinian?
400
These associations, precursors to modern-day unions, formed in Medieval Europe in order to regulate prices and business practices within a particular trade.
What are guilds?
400
Muslim scholars developed this computational instrument that allowed observers to calculate their location on earth to determine the direction of Mecca for prayers.
What is the astrolabe?
500
Members of this mystical branch of Islam was heavily involved in missionary work and taught that individuals could experience God directly without the intercession of others.
What is Sufism?
500
Comprised of the trivium (logic, grammar, and rhetoric) and quadrivium (arithmetic, astronomy, geometry, and music theory), this formed the basic core of the curriculum of European universities between 500 and 1500.
What is liberal arts?
500
This Islamic dynasty ruled from Baghdad and continued as religious leaders of the Middle East until the Mongol invasion.
What is the Abbasid dynasty?
500
This Chinese explorer made seven major voyages of exploration, which brought many new items to China and displayed China’s wealth to other regions of the world.
Who was Zheng He?
500
This type of ship was one of the earliest and most sea-worthy vessels, and the main vessel used by Indian Ocean traders.