nomads, camel and goat herders
tribes and clans that ruled the Arabian Peninsula pre-Islam
What is a Bedouin?
100
An imperial eunuch and Muslim, entrusted by the Ming emperor Yongle with a series of state voyages that took his gigantic ships through the Indian Ocean, from Southeast Asia to Africa
Who is Zheng He ?
100
form of Protestantism set up in England after 1534;
established by Henry VIII with himself as head, at least in part to obtain a divorce from his first wife;
became increasingly Protestant following Henry's death
what is the Anglican church ?
100
German lightning warfare. Characterized by highly mobility and concentrated forces at point of attack
What is Blitzkrieg?
200
Bronze tools and weapons were first used in Mesopotamia c. 4000-3000 B.C.E.
What is the Bronze Age?
200
Turkish-Slav military slaves during the Abbasid Caliphate. Founded a state in Egypt
What is a Mamluks?
200
The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages.
What is Columbian Exchange?
200
published Copernicus' findings (17th century);
added own discoveries concerning laws of gravity and planetary motion;
condemned by the Catholic church for his work
Who is Galileo?
200
an alliance made to defend one another if they were attacked by any other country; US, England, France, Canada, Western European countries
What is NATO?
300
System of writing created by Sumerians in Mesopotamia; Uses wedge-shaped symbols for words and syllables
What is the Cuneiform?
300
Asian nomads that invaded in the early 13th century and defeated the turkish-persians
What is a Mongols?
300
In colonial Latin America, Spanish-Africans who were denied basic political, economic, and social rights due to their mixed heritage
What is a Mulatto?
300
intellectual movement centered in France during the 18th century;
featured scientific advance, application of scientific methods to study of human society;
belief that rational laws could describe social behavior
What is the Enlightenment?
300
Code name for the U.S. effort during World War II to produce the atomic bomb. Much of the early research was done in New York City by refugee physicists in the United States
What is the Manhattan Project?
400
Central figure in the ancient Egyptian State; Believed to be an early manifestation of the gods
What is a Pharaoh?
400
City in western Arabia; birthplace of the Prophet Muhammad, and ritual center of the Islamic religion.
What is Mecca?
400
Time period during the 15th and 16th centuries when Europeans searched for new sources of wealth and for easier trade routes to China and India. Resulted in the discovery of North and South America by the Europeans
What is the Age of Exploration?
400
economic theory that stressed governments' promotion of limitation of imports from other nations and internal economies in order to improve tax revenues;
popular during 17th and 18th centuries in Europe
What is mercantilism?
400
International organization founded in 1919 to promote world peace and cooperation but greatly weakened by the refusal of the United States to join. It proved ineffectual in stopping aggression by Italy, Japan, and Germany in the 1930s.
What is League of Nations?
500
Small independent state with an urban center and surrounding agricultural territory.
What is a city-state
500
Route across the sahara desert. Major trade route that traded for gold and salt, created caravan routes, economic benefit for controlling dessert, camels played a huge role in the trading
What is the Trans-Saharan trade
500
An epidemic of the bubonic plague which killed approximately 30-60% of Europe's population in the 14th century; led to breakdown of the feudal system
What is the Bubonic Plague ?
500
a new religious order founded during the Catholic Reformation;
active in politics, education, and missionary work [regained some parts of Europe for the church];
sponsored missions to South America, North America, and Asia
Who is Jesuits?
500
1938 conference at which European leaders attempted to appease Hitler by turning over the Sudetenland to him in exchange for promise that Germany would not expand Germany's territory any further.