Silk Road
The Mongol Empire
Maritime Trade
Trade Routes
Historical Figures
100

This paper-based currency system was introduced by the Yuan Dynasty and widely documented by Marco Polo to facilitate trade.

What is Flying Cash?

100

Born Temüjin, this leader united the nomadic Mongol tribes in 1206 and established the largest contiguous land empire in history.

Who is Genghis Khan?

100

These seasonal wind patterns dictated the timing of maritime navigation and commercial shipping across the Indian Ocean.

What is the monsoon winds?

100

This arid North African region was bridged by camel caravans carrying gold, salt, and enslaved people.

What is the Sahara Desert?

100

This Venetian merchant traveled to the court of Kublai Khan and wrote popular accounts of his journeys across Asia.

Who is Marco Polo?

200

This nomadic empire protected and revitalized the Silk Roads, creating a period of regional stability known as the Pax Mongolica.

What is the Mongol Empire?

200

This historical term refers to a period of regional stability that allowed trade to flourish across Afro-Eurasia.

What is the Pax Mongolica?
200

This triangular sail type allowed sailors to tack into the wind and became a staple of Arab and Indian dhows.

What is the Lateen sail?

200

Groups of merchants traveling together across dangerous desert and steppe terrain on the Silk Roads.

What is a caravan?

200

This Moroccan Muslim scholar traveled nearly 75,000 miles across Afro-Eurasia, documenting the spread and practice of Islam.

Who is Ibn Battuta?

300

This luxury textile, produced almost exclusively in China, was the most sought-after commodity on the overland trade routes.

What is Silk?

300

This grandson of Genghis Khan conquered the Song Dynasty in China and established the Yuan Dynasty in 1279.

Who is Kublai Khan?

300

This vibrant blend of Bantu and Arabic languages and cultures emerged along the East African coast through maritime trade interactions.

What is the Swahili language?

300

This navigational tool, originally invented in China, helped mariners determine their direction at sea.

What is the Magnetic Compass?

300

This West African ruler of Mali went on a famous hajj to Mecca in 1324, famously distributing so much gold that he disrupted regional economies.

Who is Mansa Musa?

400

This deadly pandemic traveled rapidly along Mongol-protected trade routes in the 14th century, devastating populations in Asia, the Middle East, and Europe.

What is the Bubonic Plague? AKA Black Death

400

This Russian khanate ruled over Russia from the 13th to the 15th century, collecting tribute from Slavic principalities.

What is the Golden Horde?

400

This traditional Arabian ship with a inset triangular sail was widely used across the Indian Ocean basin to transport goods and merchants.

What is a dhow?

400

This animal made large-scale Trans-Saharan and long-distance overland commerce possible by storing water and enduring harsh desert conditions.

What is a camel?

400

This Ming Dynasty admiral commanded massive treasure fleets across the Indian Ocean to project Chinese prestige and exact tribute.

Who is Zheng He?

500

This city served as a major cultural, commercial, and intellectual oasis in Central Asia along the Silk Road.

What is Samarkand (AKA Bukhara)?

500

Following the death of Genghis Khan, the empire fractured into four of these regional administrative territories.

What are the Khanates?

500

This massive Chinese maritime vessel featured multiple masts, watertight bulkheads, and vast cargo capacity.

What is a Chinese junk?

500

This West African city became a renowned center of Islamic scholarship and trade with famous libraries.

What is Timbuktu?

500

This Buddhist monk traveled from Tang Dynasty China to India to retrieve sacred Buddhist texts, inspiring classical Chinese literature like Journey to the West.

Who is Xuanzang?