Middle East / Muslim Empires 1450-1750
A gunpowder weapon that allowed empires to expand their territory.
What is the cannon / firearms?
A political doctrine in defense of monarchical absolutism, which asserted that kings derived their authority from God and could not therefore be held accountable for their actions by any earthly authority such as a parliament.
Divine Right of Kings
The leader of the Protestant Reformation.
Who is Martin Luther?
The two nations that lead exploration, and the three that followed them after their initial success (must be grouped correctly).
Who are Spain and Portugal?
Who are England, France, and Netherlands / Dutch?
The three most essential cash crops 1450-1750.
What are sugar, tobacco, and cotton?
Two examples of Muslim Gunpowder Empires.
Who are the Ottomans, Safavid, Mughals, and Songhai?
Built outside of Paris to glorify the French king's rule (Louis XIV) and subdue the nobility. The expenses lead to France being bankrupt.
Palace of Versailles
The list of grievances written against the Catholic Church, and were nailed to the door of German church.
What is the 95 Theses?
Two famous explorers other than Columbus.
Who are de Gama / Dias / Magellan?
The forcible transportation of African slaves to cash crop colonies.
What is the Transatlantic Slave Trade?
The Ottomans conquered what Christian stronghold in 1453?
What is Constantinople?
Using their respective tribute systems, the Ming dynasty collected this while the Aztecs collected this.
What are silver (hard currency) and human sacrifices?
The general issue protesters had with the Church, plus an example.
What is corruption and indulgences?
Portugal set up these to control key aspects of maritime trade, specifically for this type of product.
What are trading posts?
What are Asian spices?
Large, investor-backed companies that sponsored European exploration and colonization in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, hoping to reap in the profitable rewards.
Joint-stock companies
The branch of Islam that believes the next leader of the religion should be an elected person.
Who are the Sunni's?
Used to showcase wealth, power, cultural sophistication, and legitimacy.
What is art, architecture, and portraits?
The Church's response to the Protestant Reformation where they reaffirmed Catholic doctrine and made a Protestant's heretics.
What is the Counter-Reformation?
Two foods that came from the Western Hemisphere and became essential in European, Asian, and African diets.
What are potatoes, maize, and cassava?
A new economic system developed in the 15th century that sought to increase the prosperity and power of a nation through restrictive trade practices. Its goal was to increase the supply of a state's gold and silver with exports rather than to deplete it through imports.
Mercantilism
An elite soldier of the Ottoman Empire. Originally, they were captured as boys from Christian Europe.
What is a janissary?
The name of the Shogunate who centralized / consolidated power by making this class of people salaried employees of the government.
Who are the Tokugawa and samurai?
Two branches of Christianity (other than Protestantism) that were formed out of the Protestant Reformation.
What is Lutheranism and Calvinism?
Indigenous Americans gained access to this thanks to the Columbian Exchange, revolutionizing how they hunt.
What are horses?
How did the slave trade affect the demographics in Africa?