Russia/China
Ivan the Terrible and Peter the Great both famously consolidated power from the Boyars by forcing them to do THIS to prevent plots...
What is live in the capital? Moscow for Ivan and St. Petersburg for Peter.
The Ottoman Empire expanded its borders using gunpowder weapons and siege warfare. Constantinople was conquered using these methods and the name of the city was named THIS afterwards...
What is Istanbul?
Shah Ismail founded the Safavid Empire and legitimized his rule by forcing the Muslims of his empire to convert to THIS VERSION OF ISLAM...
What is Shi'a Islam?
Though a gunpowder empire in the sense that they expanded using gunpowder weapons, the Mughal Empire was most famous for robust trade on the Silk and Sea Roads and THIS CONCEPT, especially during the reign of Akbar the Accepting...
What is religious tolerance?
This decentralized system of government was prevalent in Japan and Europe prior to the consolidation of power by states in the time period c. 1450 to 1750...
What is Feudalism?
These fierce peasant warriors were used by Ivan the Terrible to conquer west to the Volga River and expand the Russian Empire
Who are the Cossacks?
Taxation is a crucial component of how states consolidate power. Taxes were paid in silver, rice, gold, and numerous other commodities, however, some states demanded blood taxes. THIS is the tribute system used by the Ottoman Empire c. 1450-1750 CE...
What is the Devshirme?
While the Ottoman Empire is the precursor to Turkey, the Safavid Empire is the precursor to THIS MODERN COUNTRY...
What is Iran?
The Mughal Empire replaced THIS PREVIOUS ISLAMIC EMPIRE based in Northern India.
What is the Delhi Sultanate?
Due to corruption in the Catholic Church, Martin Luther posted the 95 Theses arguing against indulgences, simony, and other practices of the church. This led to THIS mass movement in Europe which spawned wars and a split which exists to this day...
What is Protestantism/Protestant Reformation?
Representing a continuity in Chinese history, the use of the civil service exam to fill the ranks of this group, allowed the Chinese emperor to consolidate power through taxation and other administrative tasks...
What is the Imperial Bureaucracy?
To both consolidate and legitimize its power, the Ottoman Empire instituted THIS QURAN-BASED LAW in previously Christian lands in their conquests in Eastern Europe...
What is Sharia Law?
The Safavid Empire reached its peak under THIS LEADER...
Who is Shah Abbas I?
Akbar the Accepting was known for encouraging a robust trade both within his empire and outside his borders. Arab Islamic merchants conducted overseas trade while members of the merchant caste of THIS RELIGION could trade within the borders...
What is Hinduism?
Askia the Great, like Mansa Musa before him, legitimized his rule using Islam and made THIS JOURNEY TO MECCA, one of the pillars of Islam...
What is the Hajj?
The Ming Dynasty sought to legitimize its rule and reinstitute THIS BELIEF SYSTEM after the Mongol Yuan Dynasty distorted and disregarded it for almost a century...
What is Confucianism?
Though Mehmed II conquered Constantinople, THIS SULTAN is considered the greatest Ottoman sultan and the empire reached its peak during his reign...
Who is Suleiman the Magnificent?
The ornately decorated Ishfahan Mosque features distinctive Islamic architecture, tilework, and is monumental is size. This demonstrates the power and glory of the Safavid Empire and is an example of THIS concept...
What is Legitimacy?
THIS BRUTAL HINDU PRACTICE was limited by Akbar but prohibited outright by Aurangzeb, a later Mughal Emperor who reinstated the jizya on Hindus and reversed many of Akbar's policies of religious toleration...
What is Sati?
Both Henry the VIII and Louis the XIV believed in THIS CONCEPT, similar to the Mandate of Heaven in China...
What is the Divine Right of Kings?
Peter the Great designed his palace and city in a European style. The Winter Palace was a grand structure modeled in part on Versailles. The construction of the palace is an example of THIS CONCEPT...
What is legitimacy?
THESE SLAVE SOLDIERS were collected through the Devshirme and could rise to a high rank and status in the empire...
Who are the Janissaries?
Due to its status as a Shi'a Empire, the Safavids often found themselves at odds with both the Mughal and Ottoman Empires, which practiced THIS MAJORITY VERSION of Islam...
What is Sunni Islam?
Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire, was a direct descendant of Tamerlane, the Turkic-Mongol conqueror who bridged the gap between Ghengis Khan and the Turkic, Islamic Gunpowder Empires. Tamerlane also professed THIS WARRIOR IDEAL, which was important to each of the Turkish, Islamic Gunpowder Empires...
What is the Ghazi Ideal?
The kings of France, England, and Spain all enlarged their bureaucracies and stripped power from their respective nobilities, which is an example of THIS IMPORTANT STATE-BUILDING CONCEPT...
What is Consolidation?