SOCIAL
What is the enormous network of migration, trade, disease, and the transfer of plants and animals generated by the European colonial empires in the Americas called?
The Columbian Exchange
A grant by the Spanish Crown to a Spanish colonist in America conferring the right to demand tribute and forced labor from the Amerindian (Native American) inhabitants of an area.
What is the encomienda?
Slavery system that treated enslaved people as property and children were automatically enslaved.
Chattel slavery
What are some European innovations that led to exploring the New World?
Mapmaking, sailing techniques, and ship designs
Caravel
(lateen - from Middle East)
Europeans were motivated to join this trade network directly instead of going through the Ottoman Empire.
What was the Indian Ocean Trade Network?
People born in Spain that lived in Latin America.
Who were the Peninsulares?
This empire was located in India and provided a unified India. The empire's most important divide was religion; 20% were Muslims while the rest were Hindus
Mughal Empire
A new way of doing business. Entrepreneurs could buy a part of a company.
Which movement directly resulted in Jesuit priests in the Americas?
Catholic Counter Reformation
The system in which countries regulate trade and encourage gathering raw materials for colonies, manufacturing goods in the mother country, and then exporting. Tariffs on imports are common.
What is mercantilism?
(1644-1912) Ruled by foreign and nomadic origins hailing from north of the Great Wall; the rulers sought to maintain their ethnic distinctiveness between them and the Chinese by forbidding intermarriages and enforcing the queue hairstyle.
The Qing Dynasty (Manchu)
This empire began in north western Anatolia and controlled the Middle East, North Africa, and South East and Western Asia. With the conquest of Constantinople by Mehmed II in 1453, the state was turned into an empire. It dissolved after World War 1.
Ottoman Empire
Rich deposits of this metal gave birth to a global network of exchange; Foreigners with it could get more silk and porcelain from China. Portuguese merchant noted that the metal "wanders throughout the world...before flocking to China, where it remains as if at its natural center."
Silver
Numerous Jewish people left Spain for this empire due to its religious tolerance during the Spanish Inquisition.
The Ottoman Empire
The Inca labor system that the Spanish modified for mining in Potosi.
What is the Mita system?
Paintings that attempted to categorize the social classes in Latin America.
The most famous naval admiral in Chinese history.
Who was Zheng He?
Leaders built monumental architecture to legitimize their rule. Give an example of a piece of architecture and the empire.
Hagia Sophia - Byzantine
Suleymanie mosque - Ottoman
Forbidden City - Ming
Palace of Versailles - France
Taj Mahal - Mughal
A German priest, Martin Luther, issued this document about the various abuses within the Roman Catholic Church; ie, the Church's selling of indulgences.
Ninety-five Theses
The Portuguese system of empire on the Swahili coast.
Trade Post Empire
Ottoman and Safavid empires had a conflict over these two religious branches.
What are Sunni and Shia?
This arrangement put Brazil under Portugal’s rule, while Spain claimed the rest of the Americas.
What is the Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)?
Name 3 food products that were originally from the Americas, but had a big impact on Eurasia or Africa?
Potato, Corn, Tomato, Cassava, Beans, Cacao...
The Ming Dynasty reintroduced this system of selecting people for the bureaucracy.
What was the Civil Service Exam?
The European innovation on this Chinese invention arguably had the biggest impact on the world during this time period (1450-1750)
GUNPOWDER!!!!