4.2 Exploration - Causes and Events
4.3 Columbian Exchange
4.4: Maritime Empires Established
4.5 Maritime Empires Maintained and Developed
4.6 Internal and External Challenges to State Power
4.7 Changing Social Hierarchies
100
This commodity from the New World boosted the Spanish Economy and became a basis for other mercantile economies.
Silver
100
What was the name given to the trip from Africa to the New World?
The Middle Passage
100
What crop led to the expansion of European colonies in the Americas?
Sugarcane
100
Explain Triangular Trade?
process of a ship carrying European manufactured goods such as firearms to West Africa, and from there transport enslaved Africans to the Americas, and then load up with sugar or tobacco to take to Europe.
100
What was the Metacom's War?
King Philip's War was in part a result of English colonists using underhanded tactics in their continuing pressure to control Native American lands in the 16th and 17th centuries.
100
What famous French King wanted to keep power from the common people and the nobility?
King Louis XIV
200
Who sponsored Christopher Columbus' journey?
King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain
200
What was the name given to Spanish explorers who brought war and disease with them?
Conquistadores
200
What is the difference between a Indentured Servant and the Enslaved?
Indentured Servant: Attached to land until debt paid.
Enslaved: Considered property, no rights.
200
How did the Atlantic Slave Trade affect Africa?
Weakened African kingdoms, slowed population growth, trade competition led to extreme violence, dependent on European goods, weakened states could be easily conquered by Europeans later on
200
Who were the Cossacks?
Neighboring nomadic descendants of the Mongols, this warrior tribe lived independent of the state of Russia but were hired from time to time to fight off Swedish, Tartar, and Ottoman forces for Mother Russia.
200
Why did William of Orange and Mary II become king and queen of England?
James II was overthrown because he was a Catholic who had been oppressing the Protestant majority
300
What were French, English, and Dutch explorers looking for in the 1500's and 1600's? Hint* Not a material thing*
The Northwest Passage
300
This city was once the capital of the Aztec Empire, before Hernán Cortés captured it in 1519.
Tenochtitlán
300
What was the war fought between France and England and their allies in the late 1700s, impacting both countries' colonial possessions?
Seven Years' War
300
Why did the slave trade lead to increase polygyny in West Africa?
75% of people enslaved and brought to the Americas were men, so the gender imbalance led to men taking multiple wives
300
What ethnic group led the Qing dynasty?
Manchu
300
What was one lasting positive consequence of the Glorious Revolution in England?
It gave parliament the right to refuse to crown a monarch, thus putting the monarch under the authority of parliament
400
Which of the following best explains an effect of Spanish voyages across the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans in Europe in the late fifteenth and sixteenth centuries?
A: They encouraged many governments to expand the use of coerced labor in Europe.
B: They led to the rapid spread of epidemic diseases such as smallpox.
C: They greatly increased interest in transoceanic travel and trade in other European countries.
D: They led to the introduction of new staple crops such as sugar.
C: They greatly increased interest in transoceanic travel and trade in other European countries.
400
Which empire did Francisco Pizarro conquer?
Inca
400
Why did France give up its North American colonies?
They were forced to give up either New France or Martinique in the Caribbean, and New France was far less profitable.
400
What was the name of the corporations that developed in the 17th century in which regular people could invest their money in exchange for a share of the profit (or the risk)?
Join-stock companies
400
What caused Japan to become isolationist?
The introduction of Christianity by the Portuguese
400
Why was Roxelana significant in Ottoman history? Name 2 reasons.
The sultan was monogamous with her; he continued his relationship with her even after she gave him a son; she was a concubine who became a wife
500
Which of the following best explains a similar motivation behind the establishment of Portuguese trading posts in Africa and the establishment of Portuguese trading posts in Asia?
A: The trading posts in both regions were intended to prevent economic collapse following the disintegration of powerful local empires.
B: The trading posts in both regions were intended to facilitate commercial cooperation between European states.
C: The trading posts in both regions were intended to facilitate the transfer of slaves to the Americas.
D: The trading posts in both regions were intended to allow the Portuguese to control access to heavily trafficked maritime routes.
D: The trading posts in both regions were intended to allow the Portuguese to control access to heavily trafficked maritime routes.
500
Explain the Treaty of Tordesillas
Pope Alexander VI made this treaty in 1493 to divide the Spanish and Portuguese areas of colonization.
500
Ferdinand Magellan was a Portuguese explorer who became famous for what?
Being the first to circumnavigate the world
500
Name 2 reasons why the Spanish and Portuguese couldn't successfully enslave indigenous peoples in the Americas.
Too many died of European diseases and many would escape and flee into the interior, which the Europeans were unfamiliar with
500
What was the name of the empire that defeated the Mughals in Central India and what was the reason for their revolt against the Mughals?
The Maratha; they fought the Mughals because they had begun oppressing the Hindu majority
500
In Latin America, castas (mixed race of people) began to emerge. What is the difference between these three?
Mestizos, Mulattoes, and Zambos
Mestizos = mixed of European and Indigenous Ancestry
Mulattoes = mixed of European and African Ancestry
Zambos = mixed of Indigenous and African Ancestry